Entitlement to health services in Ireland is primarily based on residency and means. Any person, regardless of nationality, who is accepted by the health boards as being ordinarily resident in Ireland is entitled to either full eligibility, i.e. medical card holders, or limited eligibility for health services. Health boards normally regard a person as "ordinarily resident" if he/she satisfies the health board that it is his/her intention to remain in Ireland for a minimum period of one year.
Arrangements under EU regulations supersede the provisions of the Irish eligibility system in respect of certain categories of nationals of other EU countries. Health boards are obliged to provide health services on the same basis as medical card holders to these people on behalf of their home state, which retains responsibility for the costs involved in the provision of the services.