I propose to answer Questions Nos. 169 to 173, inclusive, together.
With regard to the matter of communications between Ministers, the application of exemptions or interest tests does not arise under the Act. Section 19 provides exemptions to records of the Government, which includes committees appointed by the Government with a specified membership. The section does not provide for the application of a public interest test, except in so far as it relates to the disclosure of the existence of a record. Access to the records of Government is generally refused under the provisions of the Act.
The Act sets out the basis for application of exemptions to records relating to security, defence, international relations, information contained in confidence, commercially sensitive information and the deliberative process. Decisions on the application of those exemptions under the Act and on how relevant public interest tests should be applied are made by designated decision makers to whom the powers of heads of Departments have been generally delegated. Where a particular exemption was applied, this would occur only after the decision maker concluded that the application of any relevant public interest test did not outweigh invoking the exemption.
The numbers of FOI requests refused under the relevant sections of the Act are not available in this Department. There was one instance in which such a decision to refuse access has been overturned by the Information Commissioner, where the reason for given by the commissioner related to the application of the public interest test. Information would generally not be available in relation to instances where a decision maker had concluded that application of a public interest test warranted not invoking a potential exemption and releasing a record. Decision makers usually record only grounds on which records are not being released.