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Dáil Éireann debate -
Thursday, 27 May 2010

Vol. 710 No. 3

Priority Questions

Departmental Agencies

Phil Hogan

Question:

1 Deputy Phil Hogan asked the Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government if he will implement the proposals in the Dublin Docklands Development Authority (Amendment) Bill 2009 to bring the Dublin Docklands Development Authority under the remit of the Comptroller and Auditor General and order an immediate investigation into the activities of the former board of that organisation; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [22608/10]

Joanna Tuffy

Question:

2 Deputy Joanna Tuffy asked the Minister for the Environment; Heritage and Local Government the dates on which he received the two reports commissioned into the Dublin Docklands Authority Report; when he plans to publish these reports; the reason for the delay in publishing these having regard to statements from his spokesperson in February 2010 that they were expected to be published within a matter of weeks; if his attention has been drawn to a report in a newspaper (details supplied) that records of key DDDA meetings held around the time of the decision to purchase the Irish Glass bottle site have gone missing; if he will confirm this; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [22507/10]

I propose to take Questions Nos. 1 and 2 together.

When the Dublin Docklands Development Authority (Amendment) Bill 2009 was debated in the House in December 2009 to consider whether to bring the authority within the audit remit of the Comptroller and Auditor General, to allow the Comptroller and Auditor General to undertake special reports into the authority's operations, and to require its CEO to come before the Committee of Public Accounts to report on the authority's accounts or any special report undertaken by the Comptroller and Auditor General, I indicated that I would keep the role of the Comptroller and Auditor General in auditing the authority under review, pending consideration of the findings and recommendations of the corporate governance reviews being undertaken by the authority.

Having regard to the need for proper adherence to due process and fair procedures, I requested the authority to carry out a consultation process with current and former staff and board members to afford them an opportunity to consider and make submissions on the reports involved — that is, the independent Brassil and King reports commissioned by the authority into its planning and financial functions — together with an overview report prepared by the authority's executive board. Following completion of this third-party consultation process, the authority provided the finalised consultancy reports to me on 23 April, while some further revisions to the executive board's report were communicated to me by the authority on 24 May. I have considered the reports' contents and have also submitted them to the Government. In line with my clearly articulated commitment that these reports would, subject to legal advice, be made publicly available, I published the three reports yesterday and arranged for copies to be placed in the Oireachtas Library.

Arising from the comprehensive analysis and conclusions of the review, and acknowledging the view of the authority's board that a further investigation would be required to deal with certain matters, I announced yesterday that the Government had decided to bring the authority within the remit of the Comptroller and Auditor General. This means the DDDA will become subject to Comptroller and Auditor General audit and may also be subject to the preparation of specific reports by the Comptroller and Auditor General on the efficient use of resources and value for money.

With regard to the matter of certain files and other documentation relating to the purchase of the Irish Glass Bottle site not being properly kept or available within the authority, this is, of course, a serious issue. While I acknowledge that the authority has already implemented many of the corporate governance review recommendations on the keeping of files and records, it is important that the authority addresses any gaps or omissions in its records, and I am confident that it will continue to work urgently to achieve this to the greatest extent possible.

I welcome the Minister's change of mind in extending the remit of the Comptroller and Auditor General to investigate matters relating to the Dublin Docklands Development Authority. I ask the Minister to indicate whether he has been in contact with the Comptroller and Auditor General and whether he is satisfied that he is in a position, based on a statutory instrument, to carry out the type of root-and-branch investigation that is essential for us to get to the root of the problems that exist in the DDDA and the financial ruin that has been the result.

Is the Minister satisfied that sufficient information has been brought to his attention to warrant this change of mind? Will he comment on the expressed view of the chairman of the DDDA that there is no need to investigate the financial aspects of what went on at board level?

I have discussed this matter with the Attorney General, who has advised that the authority can be brought within the remit of the Comptroller and Auditor General by means of an order to be made by the Minister for Finance. This will move the authority from the second to the first Schedule of the Comptroller and Auditor General (Amendment) Act 1993, alongside the other State bodies that are audited by the Comptroller and Auditor General. It is a matter for the Minister for Finance to consider and decide on the timing of any such order. Thereafter, the nature and timing of action by the Comptroller and Auditor General will clearly be a matter for him to determine, having regard to his constitutionally independent role. It is important to emphasise that the Comptroller and Auditor General is an independent office holder, as ought to be the case. It is up to the Committee of Public Accounts to decide how it will use any such report.

There has been no change of mind. I made it clear in the reply to my question that I was at all times keeping this matter under review. Having considered the reports — it must be remembered that I specifically commissioned these reports from the DDDA — I thought it appropriate that the remit of the Comptroller and Auditor General be widened to consider these matters. I am glad to hear the Deputy has welcomed the decision. There are times when a Minister actually follows through on a course of action and, when it is the right course of action, it is only right that it be welcomed.

I will call Deputy Tuffy in a second, but I wish to allow Deputy Hogan to follow through on his question.

Obviously I welcome the decision made by the Minister to expand the remit of the Comptroller and Auditor General to include the DDDA, as was provided for in a Bill from Fine Gael that he himself voted down last December. I am not a total hypocrite, as some other people might be.

On 22 December 2009, the Minister wrote to the Chairman of the Committee of Public Accounts to explain how he could not, arising from a Supreme Court case, implement any statutory instrument or ministerial order but would require primary legislation to implement this function. What I do not want to see happening, now that we have decided to go down the proper road, is for the Comptroller and Auditor General to be frustrated in carrying out a proper investigation without primary legislation. Will the Minister be in contact with the Comptroller and Auditor General and the Minister for Finance to have this order put in place as quickly as possible?

What other reports has the Minister sought? In particular, in August 2009 he sought a report from the chairman of the DDDA, Professor Brennan, on corporate governance issues and board matters. This was expected to be completed by October 2009. Did he receive that report, and will he be publishing it?

What is the status of the Moylan report, which the Minister also commissioned? When will that be published?

Yesterday, we had the Brassil report and the King report, the former dealing with planning issues and the latter with financial accountability and corporate governance. The Deputy also referred to the Moylan report. That is an internal report which was forwarded to my Department as a matter of courtesy. I indicated yesterday when I was questioned by RTE that I have no difficulty with that report also being made public.

What about the report on corporate governance?

I already referred to that.

My question relates to the advice the Minister says he received from the Attorney General that the Dublin Docklands Development Authority could be brought under the remit of the Comptroller and Auditor General by way of ministerial order. However, the Minister wrote to Deputy Allen, Chairman of the Committee of Public Accounts, last September indicating that amendment of primary legislation is a matter for the Dáil and that amending legislation was required in this instance. The Minister for Finance had already written to Deputy Allen in July 2009 to state that since 2005, the powers under section 21 of the 1993 Act to amend the Schedules to that Act had not been available to the Minister. He explained that this arose from a Supreme Court judgment which found that delegated legislation cannot make, repeal or amend any law and to the extent that the parent Act purports to confer such a power, it will be invalid having regard to the provisions of the Constitution. That statement is black and white and there was no qualification of it by the Minister for Finance or by the Minister, Deputy Gormley's, subsequent letter.

There are other issues that arise in terms of the ability of the Comptroller and Auditor General to require that special reports are carried out, as the Minister mentioned earlier. If the Minister were to introduce legislation — which, according to him and to the Minister for Finance less than a year ago, is the correct way to proceed — that legislation would have to do much more than merely bring the DDDA within the powers of the Comptroller and Auditor General. If the DDDA is merely added to the Schedule of the existing Act, the Comptroller and Auditor General will only be able to look at the DDDA into the future; he will not be able to examine retrospectively past decisions of the authority. That is the legal advice received by the Labour Party. In the case of the DIRT inquiry, for example, it was necessary to ensure the legislation enabled the Comptroller and Auditor General and the Committee of Public Accounts to examine the banks' past treatment of bogus non-resident accounts. The same must apply to the DDDA if precedent is anything to go by. Does the Minister have any advice in that regard?

That is not the advice I have received from the Attorney General and it would not make sense if it were so. I have been informed that the remit is to be extended so that the Comptroller and Auditor General can look at the issues that were raised in the two reports. I have already outlined the advice we received from the Attorney General, namely, that the authority can be brought within the remit of the Comptroller and Auditor General and that the order to that effect can be made by the Minister for Finance. It is for the latter to decide when that will be done but I hope it will be soon.

We are seeing a total turnaround by the Minister, Deputy Gormley, and the Minister for Finance. In September 2009, the Minister, Deputy Gormley, indicated that legislation would be required and that a ministerial order would not be sufficient. Last July, the Minister for Finance said that amending legislation would be required. In the case of the DIRT inquiry, special legislation was required so that the Committee of Public Accounts and the Comptroller and Auditor General could review past decisions. What advice did the Minister receive last September and on what advice was the Minister for Finance acting when he wrote to Deputy Allen in July 2009? Is it different advice from what the Minister received yesterday?

I have met briefly with the Chairman of the Committee of Public Accounts and he welcomed my decision on this matter. As the Minister with responsibility for the Dublin Docklands Development Authority, I am most anxious that we have total openness and transparency in these matters. The DDDA is getting on with the important work it is doing and has made a major contribution to the development of this city. It is important that we draw a line under these issues and the best way to do that is by ensuring there is openness and transparency. I will not be wanting in this regard and anything that is required for such an investigation will be given.

I will allow a brief supplementary question from each Deputy.

We would have been further on if the Minister had agreed to go down this road in December.

The Deputy knows the reason I did not; I had not received the reports at that time.

The Minister certainly was not given good advice if the letter to which Deputy Tuffy and I referred is an indication. Now he tells us he has received different advice. We are not making this up as we go along; we have been consistent on this issue.

Will the Minister indicate whether he received a response to his Department's letter in August 2009 to Professor Niamh Brennan, chairperson of the Dublin Docklands Development Authority, on corporate governance matters and board matters? That response was to be received in October 2009 — if it was received, what was its import? When will the Minister publish the Moylan report? Has he sought a report at any stage from the departmental representative on the board of the DDDA about what was going on there? What is the estimated taxpayers' liability arising from this irresponsible mess and the decisions that were made over the years?

Obviously, I have spoken to the departmental representatives on the board of the DDDA. I already answered the Deputy's question about the Moylan report. I have no difficulty at all in publishing that report, which was sent to me as a matter of courtesy. It is the property of the DDDA but, as I said, I am in favour of its publication. However, these reports have been cited in newspaper articles as offering explosive information. I said previously that this is not the case and I was proved right in that regard. On the question of liability, the chairperson spoke yesterday at length about this. The loans have been taken into NAMA and the authority has been asked to produce a business plan by the end of July. It is only after rigorous examination and total engagement with NAMA that we will know what is the outstanding liability.

I refer again to the use of a ministerial order to bring the authority within the control of the Comptroller and Auditor General. If we are going to do this, it must be done right. Will the Minister consider publishing the Attorney General's advice, setting out why the latter considers that only a ministerial order is required, presumably in contradiction to the advice the Minister must have received at the time he and the Minister for Finance wrote to Deputy Allen to indicate that such an order would not be sufficient?

We do not publish advice from the Attorney General but I have received that advice and discussed it with him. I assume the Deputy is pleased with the outcome and that the issue is now being advanced. I have not yet had the opportunity to talk directly to the Minister for Finance about this but, as I said, I hope we can make progress as quickly as possible.

Local Authority Lands

Phil Hogan

Question:

3 Deputy Phil Hogan asked the Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government the financial implications for the Exchequer if he establishes another land-owning agency, the Housing and Sustainable Communities Agency, to acquire local government land loans; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [22407/10]

In April 2010, my Department advised housing authorities of revised arrangements for the funding of land used for social housing and sought information from them on local authority residential land holdings for the purpose of ensuring the optimal use of the lands in question.

Where loans are due to mature before the end of 2010 and where it is considered that the land involved is unlikely to be developed in the short to medium term, authorities have been given the option to apply to my Department to recoup the cost of outstanding loans on the land. Subject to available funding my Department may pay off the costs of the land and transfer ownership to a central agency. Functions in relation to the transfer of land in these particular circumstances will initially be undertaken by the National Building Agency. Some land banks may continue to be available for social housing if housing projects are advanced by authorities under the social housing investment programme, while others may be made available for alternative use, including non-housing and community infrastructure purposes.

Will primary legislation be required to achieve the objective the Minister of State set out? I suspect it will in regard to merging some of the agencies. How soon can we expect to see that legislation? What will be the exposure of the Exchequer to further land loans or has the Minister carried out an inventory of what he expects to transfer from local authorities to NAMA through this agency? Will an opportunity arise from this decision to generate internal capital receipts in local authorities which are starved of finance currently for essential work to achieve objectives on housing, decisions on waste water and implementation of those programmes? Does the Minister envisage that we will be able to free up some moneys in each local authority to achieve other objectives arising from this decision?

The Deputy has put three questions. First, legislation is not necessary in the short term. The people in the Housing Finance Agency will act on behalf of the Government with a special agency property company but legislation will be needed. We have not decided on the precise form of the legislation as to whether it will be a separate Bill or part of another Bill.

There is not a cost involved. It will be a transfer of public properties and loans from one area — namely, the local authority — to the central agency.

On the Deputy's third question about internal receipts, if lands are not developed local authorities must continue to meet the loan charges. If they transfer lands whose loans are due in 2010 we will meet the loan charge at that time. They will be in a position to recoup at that time whereas they would not be in a position to recoup until they developed under the circumstances of the original loan they got from the HFA.

Has the Minister carried out any inventory of the lands involved? What quantity of lands are we talking about?

I do not know the amount of lands that will be transferred because it is a voluntary transfer from the local authorities. I can give the Deputy the figure for the amount of land currently owned by local authorities, which is approximately €650 million nationally. Some local authorities may decide to transfer loans to the central agency. We are compiling that. We gave a date of the end of April to have their requests submitted. Some are still in discussions with our Department and we have not compiled the amount but I hope to have that information some time in the near future.

Unfinished Housing Estates

Terence Flanagan

Question:

4 Deputy Terence Flanagan asked the Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government the steps undertaken by local authorities to ensure developers and owners of unfinished housing estates leave the sites in safe and secure condition, particularly those which have a number of houses inhabited; his views on the condition of many unfinished housing estates throughout the country; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [21954/10]

As outlined in the reply to Question No. 4 of 22 April, my Department is progressing a range of actions, with the co-operation of local authorities and other key stakeholders, to address the issue of unfinished or unoccupied estates. These actions include in the first instance an accurate quantification, classification and mapping of the various types of unfinished or unoccupied estates on a county by county basis to understand the scale and distribution of the problem. Following completion of a pilot exercise with one local authority, a comprehensive national inventory is now under way and should be completed in the middle of the year.

My Department is also preparing a best practice policy manual which aims to identify the necessary responses to ensure satisfactory outcomes in tackling issues on specific sites in a co-ordinated and proactive manner. The responses will require a range of interventions across a number of disciplines — there are issues of public safety, the provision of bonds and securities, environmental protection, building control and estate management.

There is a legal responsibility on developers and site owners to ensure their sites are left in a safe and secure condition. Local authorities are prioritising action to ensure these obligations are discharged and that sites within their areas are properly secured from public access and, where necessary, are made structurally sound. In this regard, existing legislation such as the Derelict Sites Act 1990 and the Litter Acts 1997 to 2003, along with planning legislation, can be and is being used to ensure developers and the owners of sites engage with local authorities in addressing specific difficulties. My Department will also keep the need for further legislative reforms to assist local authorities on this issue under review.

I thank the Minister of State for his initiatives and efforts to try to deal with what is a major legacy issue. The problem of multiple housing estates littered throughout the country has been well documented in both the press and on television. Home owners have paid over the odds——

A question, Deputy.

Many home owners are currently in negative equity and they have been badly let down by the system.

What is the up to date position on the pilot project in Laois? Does the Minister of State have anything new to report since last month? Does the Minister expect that by the end of next month he will have a definitive list of all the unfinished housing estates throughout the country? Will those be listed on the Department's website? What lessons has the Minister's Department learned to ensure history is not repeated and that such a situation does not recur in five or ten years from now?

I received the Laois report recently. One action we are taking is that we have developed a methodology for classification of different types of unfinished estates comprising categories such as completed but with paths, lighting, parks and green spaces unfinished; initial phases of development completed but other parts under construction; half-built units, including weatherproofed units and walled but unroofed buildings and so on. We wrote to city and county managers a fortnight ago seeking their help in completing the survey. It is early days but there are themes of public safety, completion and management of essential infrastructure and amenities and the long-term future and resolution of sites.

The kernel of the Deputy's question was in regard to how we stop this happening again. The strongest action we can take to stop it happening again is to put in place a proper planning system. I ask the Deputy to get the co-operation of his colleagues in the city and county councils throughout the country——

——to work closely with the management teams and the professional planners and listen carefully to their advice.

To be frank, I was flabbergasted to see that in my county of Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown Fine Gael councillors were to the fore in promoting even more rezonings.

Good man, Ciarán.

Have they and the Deputy learned nothing from the mistakes made?

The Minister's party has no councillors.

I urge the Deputy to work with his colleagues and tell them to stop putting forward these mad ideas for rezoning. The goose that laid the golden egg is long gone and it would be constructive if the Deputy and his colleagues would think carefully about sustainable planning rather than rezoning land as the solution to our economic woes.

It would be better if the Minister of State was not contentious answering questions.

He is passionate. That is why his party has no councillors.

To deal specifically with the issue rather than the charges being made by the Minister of State, what hope will he give to the people living in developments where the developer and builder are bankrupt and are not in a position to finish off these housing estates? What hope can he give those people?

In light of the Minister receiving the Laois report, is he willing to make a statement at this stage or can he give us a definitive date as to when he will announce further information? The inaction by Government in recent years has brought us to this point. In regard to local authorities reporting directly to the Department, what changes has the Minister made or will he make in that regard?

I do not wish to be confrontational but to echo the real concerns of people, we are putting together a best practice manual to assist local authorities in deciding on the remedial action to take. A primary concern is health and safety, and we must ensure we do everything we can to stop children or vulnerable people going into unfinished developments. That key issue of securing the site is required. We can use the existing planning legislation to do much of that. We can also use the Derelict Sites Acts from 1990.

In terms of developments where the developer simply does not have the funds or is in liquidation, many of these loans will come under the ownership of the National Assets Management Agency and it will be a matter first and foremost for the agency to decide what to do.

Looking realistically at the issue, local authorities will take a proactive response. I spoke about unfinished buildings, but there is also the danger of unfinished roads that have notreceived their final coats and that could present health and safety risks. The local authorities will need to take a proactive approach to ensuring that these issues are addressed in the short term.

On the wider issues, for example, where several homes are occupied in an estate but the estate is largely unfinished, and where there might be litter or sewage problems, I believe that county and city managers will do all that they can to improve the quality of life in those areas.

There is no pot of money for completion, of which I am aware. In many cases, there are bonds that have been put up by the developer. We will see what can be done to utilise them to improve life.

Legislative Programme

Phil Hogan

Question:

5 Deputy Phil Hogan asked the Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government his plans to amend the Electoral Act; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [22611/10]

Electoral law is subject to ongoing review to make necessary changes to maintain and develop a robust and modern legal framework as a principal element of the operation of our democratic system. In the past five years, five separate electoral Bills have been enacted. In 2009 alone, two were enacted. Looking over the past ten years, an average of one electoral Bill per year was enacted by the Oireachtas having been brought forward by me, as Minister, or by one of my predecessors.

More recently, in February 2010, I published a general scheme of legislation to provide for a directly elected mayor for Dublin. Within this context, necessary legislative provisions in respect of the holding of a mayoral election are currently being developed. These include amendments to the Electoral Acts.

My other plans for amendment of the Electoral Acts relate to the establishment of an electoral commission and to considerations on financing the political system.

The programme for Government, agreed in 2007, contains a commitment to the establishment of an independent electoral commission. The renewed programme for Government, agreed in October 2009, reaffirms this commitment and identifies a range of responsibilities which the commission will be mandated to fulfil.

An independent electoral commission will require new legislation for purposes of its establishment and to transfer to it a range of roles and responsibilities including those assigned to the Standards in Public Office Commission in electoral law, those of the Constituency Commission and those currently assigned to me, as Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government. This will involve changes to more than 20 primary Acts and to the associated regulations.

Towards implementing the programme for Government commitments, and to assist in consideration of the issues involved, I commissioned a report by an expert group from University College Dublin. I published the report, entitled "A Preliminary Study on the Establishment of an Electoral Commission in Ireland", for consultation in February 2009. The UCD study recommends that an electoral commission be established through the enactment of an electoral commission Act. This Act would amend and consolidate the law in this area, bringing together in one Act the law relating to referendums and elections to local authorities, Údarás na Gaeltachta, the European Parliament, Dáil Éireann, Seanad Éireann and the office of President of Ireland. This would be a major task and it is part of our considerations.

Additional information not given on the floor of the House

The Oireachtas Joint Committee on the Constitution is currently undertaking an examination of the system used for the election of members of Dáil Éireann, and in the course of this work has considered issues in respect of the administration and functioning of Ireland's electoral system generally. The outcome of the committee's deliberations should also inform work on the amendment of the Electoral Acts to deliver on the Government's electoral reform commitments.

In addition, the 2009 renewed programme for Government contains a commitment to restricting political donations to individual Irish citizens and residents and to setting up a new political fund to which donations from private bodies would be made. I am now giving consideration to approaches to the implementation of this commitment, which will also require amendments to the Electoral Acts.

Would the Minister agree that, after three years in office and after putting this in the programme for Government in 2007, the Government's passage of this piece of legislation is quite tardy? He has not even published the heads of a Bill on the independent electoral commission. When will the statutory independent electoral commission, which we support, be established? Nobody on this side of the House would have any difficulty with it. We are just waiting for the Minister to publish a report. Maybe he is having difficulties with his partners in Government.

When will the election for the directly elected Dublin mayor be held? The Minister has stated that it is his intention to hold it this year, but could he be more definitive than that? Intentions are lovely. He had intentions in 2007 about setting up an electoral commission and we have not yet seen it. When will the Dublin mayoral election be?

We will have the legislation published before the end of this session. I stated that definitively. I have stated, and announced the other evening, as Deputy Hogan will be aware, in response to his own Private Members' Bill, that I will be setting up the electoral commission on a non-statutory basis. The legislation that is required to set it up on a statutory basis is complex and will take a considerable amount of time. However, there are practical difficulties because the franchise section in my Department must concentrate on the considerable amount of work on the mayoralty legislation it is doing in tandem with the Attorney General's office and Parliamentary Counsel, and that is taking a considerable amount of time and effort. Resources cannot be diverted and that is why I stated the other evening that I wanted to set up the electoral commission on a non-statutory basis to begin with.

I also stated, as Deputy Hogan may recall, that when the UCD study was published we asked for observations from various political parties. We received one from the Labour Party but we got no submission from Deputy Hogan's party.

The Minister did not need any submission from me. We had it already published and it was on our website. It is called New Politics. If the Minister wants a hard copy of it, I would have no difficulty providing one. The Minister is high on rhetoric and low on output in terms of his promised electoral reform.

Will the Minister be asking the chairman of his party to withdraw remarks made in the context of by-elections when we were discussing my party's Private Members' Bill on setting a limit for the filling of casual vacancies, namely this notion that the filling of casual vacancies within six months would undermine the Government mandate? What does that say about democracy and electoral reform? Could I ask if the Minister will be asking the chairman of his party to withdraw those remarks?

The Minister is not responsible for his party to the House. He is responsible for the Government.

As Senator Boyle is one of the Taoiseach's 11, the Minister is entitled to comment on that.

The Leas-Cheann Comhairle has put it well. The fact is that we responded in detail to Deputy Hogan's Private Members' Bill.

The Minister just said "No".

Interestingly, when the Deputy considers these matters, I am not sure that he is in such a hurry to have a by-election in Dublin South.

We are. The Minister certainly is not.

Allow the Minister.

Do not be afraid.

Allow the Minister to reply.

I very much doubt if my good colleague in Fine Gael, Deputy McGinley, is too anxious to proceed so quickly with the by-election in Donegal.

The candidate is selected.

Sometimes there is a great deal of posturing in this House. Fine Gael moved the writ for Waterford, but I will tell Deputy Hogan what my personal view on those matters is. I have said it on a number of occasions and I will repeat it again. It makes sense from a cost-effectiveness point of view to hold all of these elections together - that is, the mayoralty election, the by-elections and the referendum on the constitutional changes that are required. These all could be held at the same time.

They all will be on the same day as the Dublin mayoral elections.

And the children's referendum, all on one day.

That concludes Priority Questions.

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