I propose to take Questions Nos. 28 and 58 together.
The Government has consistently supported the continuance of the live export trade as a vital market outlet for Irish farmers. Regarding the transport of animals by sea, my Department's function is to approve sea vessels for the carriage of livestock by working closely with applicant companies to ensure that the conditions aboard such vessels are consistent with national and EU animal welfare requirements. Within this framework, 18 dedicated livestock vessels and three roll on roll off vessels have been approved for the carriage of cattle since 1995. However, the actual provision of such services is a commercial matter.
Following recent announcements of the impending cessation of direct shipping services between Ireland and mainland Europe, my Department has been urged to intervene by subsidising the trade or by compelling shipping companies to carry livestock. Regrettably, it is not possible under EU law for the State to intervene in either manner. The European Commission previously ruled that State aid paid to secure a similar shipping service to the Continent was unlawful.
I can assure the Deputies, however, that my Department is exploring all options within its power to ensure the continuation of the live export trade. I have met a number of stakeholders in the industry and have raised the possibility of re-opening the landbridge through the UK with Commissioner Byrne. Officials of my Department are also working closely with prospective service providers on providing an alternative ferry service. Nevertheless, the transport of live animals is ultimately a commercial matter and my Department has approved a sufficient number of vessels to provide a service if the commercial demand exists.