Ba mhaith liom mo bhuíochas a ghabháil leis an gCathaoirleach as ucht an gcuireadh a thabhairt dom chuig an gcruinniú seo agus as ucht an bhfáilte a chuir seisean agus baill an choiste romhainn go léir. I wish to recognise the important role of Oireachtas committees in providing advice to the Houses of the Oireachtas on a range of matters in their sectoral areas, including on legislation, policy and the public finances. The work of committees is an essential support to, and a great enabler of, efficiency and effectiveness in the work of both Houses of the Oireachtas. I would like to thank you, as committee Chairs, for your contribution in this regard, especially given the challenges of the past two years. Today is an opportunity to discuss issues of interest to us all and as I look forward to an interactive engagement, I will keep my introductory remarks brief.
This Government came into office in the midst of an unprecedented public health crisis. The Covid-19 pandemic affected every part of our society and at all times, in seeking to protect the lives and health of our people, the Government was deeply conscious of the extraordinary burden that the necessary public health restrictions placed on everyone. The unprecedented sacrifices made by people, and our comprehensive vaccination programme, unquestionably saved lives and reduced illness. The very significant level of intervention by the Government, to the tune of over €20 billion, was essential to support workers and businesses, and to protect the economy.
With the pandemic receding, we saw economic and social recovery taking hold last year. Unfortunately, with Russia’s illegal and immoral invasion of Ukraine, we now again face some uncertainty. Our first priority must be to provide protection for those fleeing the war in Ukraine and, as members know, significant work has been and is being done to provide accommodation, income and other supports for people arriving here.
On the economic front, Russia’s war in Ukraine is disrupting international supply chains, increasing energy costs and damaging confidence in the global economy. The Government recognises the impacts on households and businesses, especially with increasing energy and other prices. We have already taken steps to help ease the impact, through grants to households for energy costs, temporary reductions in excise duties and VAT on fuel, as well as substantial, targeted supports for those most vulnerable in receipt of the fuel allowance. We have also taken a number of measures to support heavily impacted sectors, including haulage, farming and hospitality. In total, taking into account also the cost of living supports in budget 2022, we have provided more than €2 billion to help households, families and businesses.
Over the past year, as the pandemic has receded, we have seen recovery take hold in our economy. Employment is now at record levels, accompanied by a strong rebound in consumer spending and in private investment. Growth in modified domestic demand, a good proxy for the domestic economy, was 6.5% in 2021. The year 2021 also saw substantial growth in foreign direct investment, FDI, with the highest employment creation figures ever in a single year despite the challenge of Covid-19. More than half of the new investments announced in 2021 went to regional locations, with FDI employment growth in every region. In 2021 we also saw the highest annual increase in jobs in our indigenous businesses supported by Enterprise Ireland. This job growth took place in all regions, with almost 70% of new jobs occurring outside of Dublin, and particularly strong growth in the north west and south east. We continue to see a strong performance in Exchequer returns, with underlying trends a positive sign of the strength of the domestic recovery.
Our recovery has been supported by the implementation of the Government’s economic recovery plan. This plan outlines how we are preparing our society, our economy, and our people to seize the opportunities that are to come, in particular in the areas of green and digital, while striving to improve our quality of life and safeguard our continued prosperity. Overall, despite international uncertainties and the challenges we face, we expect the economy to grow by about 4% this year, unemployment to fall to close to 5%, and a Government deficit of less than 1%, which is a remarkable performance that speaks to the resilience of our economy.
Housing, of course, remains a priority for the Government. In Housing For All, the Government set out our ambitions to transform the provision of housing in this country. We aim to increase the supply of housing to an average of more than 33,000 units per year over the next decade. This is the largest ever multi-annual investment programme for housing, with in excess of €20 billion being made available through to 2026. Supply is absolutely key in this agenda.
Climate action, and putting our environment back on a sustainable path, is also at the very centre of our work as a Government. Climate action can enable us to protect the environment and develop new jobs and new sectors that can thrive in a decarbonised world. No-one should underestimate the enormous challenge we face in halving emissions by 2030 and achieving climate neutrality by 2050. In tackling this challenge, we need to bring people with us through a just transition. That is one of the reasons the Government has committed to enhancing social dialogue, listening and engaging deeply with employers, trade unions and wider social partners on the profound challenges we face.
Our experience in the Covid-19 pandemic has, I believe, underscored our deep appreciation for our public services, in particular our health service. We owe all who work in our health service a deep debt of gratitude. It is incumbent on us to redouble our efforts to support the transformation of our health service by implementing Sláintecare. In 2022, we will spend a record €21 billion on our health and social care services. This will allow us to reduce waiting lists, increase capacity, protect our most vulnerable, and deliver the right care, in the right place at the right time.
I could continue with many other policy priorities for Government but I am conscious that we have limited time so I will stop here. I look forward to hearing the contributions from all members and to engaging on the issues raised.