I propose to take Questions Nos. 62, 76, 77 and 108 together.
I am very familiar with the problems referred to recently in the media which are confronting not just guidance counsellors but also many other teachers and school principals.
Through my meetings with parents, teachers and school managements I have a clear picture of the kinds of problems which are presenting in schools.
The study referred to in the question set out the sources, the nature and the extent of these problems. Their sources are in unemployment, deprivation, marriage breakdown and increases in crime. They present as physical, emotional, sexual, religious, and educational in character.
In so far as dealing with this at school level is concerned, I should say at the outset that we cannot expect our schools, on their own, to solve these problems. However, they are very often the first point of contact for young pupils in trouble of whatever kind.
I believe that support for pupils in difficulty should be seen as an across the school activity. While the presence of a trained guidance counsellor is essential for the ideal guidance service, the involvement of many other teachers is also essential. This would include teachers with a particular interest in pastoral care and teachers with experience of counselling in areas other than guidance counselling.