Significant progress has already been made in the development of the PPP approach to water services. Details of projects which have already been initiated on a PPP basis are set out in the following table. Based on experiences so far, the Department considers that this approach offers potential benefits over traditional procurement for certain major projects. Consequently, in January 1999, my Department issued a circular to local authorities on procurement through the use of design-build and design-build-operate contracts. This circular indicated that while each case would be determined on its merits, for projects involving the provision or upgrading of major water or wastewater treatment works, the policy would be to favour the DB or DBO approach unless there were strong reasons against it.