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Dáil Éireann debate -
Thursday, 15 Feb 2001

Vol. 530 No. 5

Written Answers. - Genetically Modified Organisms.

David Stanton

Question:

114 Mr. Stanton asked the Minister for Health and Children the labelling requirements in relation to genetically altered foods or foods containing genetically altered products; his plans in this regard; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [4279/01]

My Department is responsible for legislative provisions concerning the labelling of genetically modified food. These provisions are contained in three main pieces of EU legislation as outlined: (1) Regulation (EC) No. 258/97 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning novel foods and novel food ingredients. This regulation provides that there must be specific labelling to inform the consumer of any characteristic or food property, for example, composition, nutritional value, nutritional effects, intended use of the food, which renders a novel food or novel food ingredient no longer equivalent to an existing food or food ingredient. There must also be specific labelling to advise the consumer of the presence in the novel food or novel food ingredient of: material which is not present in an existing equivalent foodstuff and which may have implications for the health of certain sections of the population, for example, a protein from a known food allergen source such as peanuts; material which is not present in an existing equivalent foodstuff and which gives rise to ethical concerns, for example, a gene of porcine origin in a plant; or an organism genetically modified by techniques of genetic modification, for example, a genetically engineered tomato.

(2) Council Regulation (EC) No. 1139/98 concerning the compulsory indication on the labelling of certain foodstuffs produced from genetically modified organisms of particulars other than those provided for in Directive 79/112/EEC as amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No. 49/2000 of 10 January 2000. The labelling and other provisions of the novel foods regulation as outlined above do not apply to foods or food ingredients which were used for human consumption to a significant degree within the EU before the entry into force of the regulation and, therefore, not considered to be novel. The purpose of Regulation (EC) No. 1139/98 is to ensure that the provisions of Regulation 258/97 apply to foods and food ingredients containing or consisting of GMOs which were placed on the market before the entry into force of Regulation 258/97. The only foods on the market before the novel foods regulation came into force are a genetically modified soya bean, manufactured by Monsanto, and a genetically modified maize, manufactured by Novartis, and so Regulation 1139/98 applies to foods and food ingredients which are produced, in whole or in part, from these products. Regulation 1139/98 lays down additional labelling requirements for the products outlined above. Such labelling ensures that the final consumer is informed of any characteristic or food property, such as composition, nutritional value or nutritional effects or the intended use of the food, which renders a food or food ingredient no longer equivalent to an existing food or food ingredient. If genetically modified protein or DNA is present in a foodstuff, then that foodstuff is subject to the additional labelling requirements. In short, the words "produced from genetically modified soya" or "produced from genetically modified maize" must appear in the list of ingredients. Commission Regulation (EC) No 49/2000 of 10 January 2000 amending Council Regulation (EC) No 1139/98 concerning the compulsory indication on the labelling of certain foodstuffs produced from genetically modified organisms. This regulation sets ade minimis threshold level for adventitious – accidental – contamination at 1%, of each ingredient individually considered, below which there is no requirement to label the foodstuff as being from a genetically modified source. If a conventional foodstuff contains less than 1% of GM material, present due to accidental contamination of conventional soya or maize with GM soya or maize, and the supplier can provide evidence that the presence is accidental, then that foodstuff will not be subject to the additional labelling requirements as outlined above.
(3) Commission Regulation (EC) No. 50/2000 of 10 January 2000 on the labelling of foodstuffs and food ingredients containing additives and flavourings that have been genetically modified or have been produced from genetically modified organisms. This regulation extends the labelling provisions of Regulation (EC) No. 1139/98 to additives and flavourings intended to be used in foodstuffs. If genetically modified protein or DNA is present in a food additive or flavouring, then that food additive or flavouring is subject to the additional labelling requirements. In short, the words "produced from genetically modified .." must appear in the list of ingredients.
In its White Paper on Food Safety published on 12 January 2000, the EU reiterated its priority of ensuring that the highest standards of food safety are set and maintained throughout the EU. In this White Paper, the EU has committed itself to develop legislative proposals to further harmonise the provisions governing the labelling of food, additives and flavourings containing or derived from GM material. The Commission will also develop provisions on the labelling of food produced without genetic engineering "GMO-free food". I look forward to participating in the development of these proposals and will strive to ensure that consumers will be provided with comprehensive information and choice.
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