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JOINT COMMITTEE ON COMMUNICATIONS, ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES debate -
Wednesday, 17 Jun 2009

Mobile Phone Bullying: Discussion with Irish Cellular Industry Association.

I welcome Mr. Tommy McCabe, director of the ICIA, Mr. Gareth Davies, Meteor, Ms Majella Fitzpatrick, O2, Ms Cara Twohig and Mr. Eamon Farrell, Vodafone, and Ms Catríona Costello, 3. I also welcome the secretariat of the committee. The joint committee has invited the representatives of the ICIA for an update on mobile bullying.

I draw attention to the fact that while members of the committee have absolute privilege this privilege does not apply to witnesses appearing before the committee. The committee cannot guarantee any level of privilege to witnesses. Further, under the salient rulings of the Chair, members should not comment on, criticise or make charges against a person outside the Houses or an official by name or in such a way as to make him or her identifiable.

I invite Mr. McCabe to begin. I understand the representatives of the four mobile phone providers will make separate presentations. I will then invite members to put questions.

Mr. Tommy McCabe

I thank the Chairman and members of the committee. We are pleased to be before the committee again. At our last meeting, on 12 November, we had a fruitful discussion on mobile bullying and the measures the industry could put in place. We are pleased to update the committee on what has happened since. We will comment on the new products and services some operators have launched since then, particularly Block It and KidSafe. There has been consultation with leading local and world experts on child protection. For example, Dr. Minton, author of Cyber-Bullying: The Irish Experience, provided inside knowledge on how to tackle this complex problem. The industry gave financial support and sponsorship for initiatives such as the ISPCC’s Childline on-line and Rehab’s “Heads Up” service. Many measures have been put in place and we are happy to discuss them with the committee. I invite Ms Majella Fitzpatrick from O2 to outline the measures O2 has taken since our last meeting.

Ms Majella Fitzpatrick

The committee came to see us in O2 last February to get a further update after our November meeting. Since then, I am glad to report that we worked with an Irish messaging content services company called Anam. We have developed a new service to help in a major way to combat bullying on mobile phones. It is the first time this type of technology will be launched in Ireland. It is already up and running in Norway. We are excited about the impact it will have.

This is a free service O2 customers can use to block unwanted text messages, picture messages and video messages from any Irish mobile network. It can block international mobile numbers. It works on any mobile handset and is not restricted by the handset, nor does one need to buy a new handset. Given that it will work on any handset, it is not immediately obvious that a child is using it. It is extraordinarily easy to use and can be applied by parents. Ultimately on the basis of discussions we had with various stakeholders, charities and young people's groups we felt that what we needed to do was to empower young people to do it themselves.

The way the service works is that one registers free of charge by texting "block it start" to a short code and if one wishes to block a mobile number one texts "block" and the mobile number one wishes to block to a short code and one will no longer receive text, picture or video messages from the number. One can block any amount of numbers and one can unblock a number as easily as one blocks it; we all know young people fall in and out of favour with each other. If one is unsure about what numbers one has blocked it is very easy to find out as one texts "block it list" to a short code and one will be sent the list of numbers one has blocked using the service. We announced the service at the end of May and the Minister of State, Deputy Barry Andrews, was very kind to support us in doing so. The service will be up and running over the coming days and we will be happy to provide the committee with an update in a number of months on how it is being used and, it is hoped, helping with regard to bullying by mobile phone.

We also stock the Firefly phone, and the committee may have spoken to the company that has introduced it to Ireland. Essentially, it is targeted at parents who wish for their younger children to have a mobile phone. It is a very simple device with only five buttons. It allows parents and children to stay in touch and it provides parents with peace of mind because the phone has little functionality. Either on the phone or over the Internet parents can enter up to 22 numbers and the child can receive calls from only those predetermined numbers. It has no texting or Internet capability, so parents know their child cannot access inappropriate content and it helps to control cost.

These are our two new products we have launched since we last spoke to the committee. When one launches products it is important to tell people about them and we have conducted a major stakeholder campaign of which the members were part and they received our material on the Block It service. We also spoke to a number of stakeholders, including charities and teachers' unions, in positions to help with the issue of bullying as it is not solely a mobile phone issue and does not solely happen over mobile phones.

We work closely with the National Centre for Technology in Education and it is kindly supporting us in our efforts to get the information out to schools, which is extremely important. We will use our own marketing channels and, for the Block It service, we will target channels that are used by young people such as online channels and blogs and various magazines. We wanted to announce its coming in May so that we could get the message out prior to schools closing but we will keep the campaign going when the schools are closed through outdoor broadcast units, buses, darts and Luas so that the target audience will be aware of its existence.

We have embarked on two other related activities since our last meeting. The first is a collaboration with the office of Internet safety and Barnardos to produce a leaflet specifically on how to deal with cyber bullying. We also launched a dedicated child protection website; this has much information on a number of issues with regard to child protection and mobile phones and it has a specific section on how to tackle and deal with mobile phones and bullying. That is the update from O2.

Mr. Tommy McCabe

Ms Cara Twohig and Mr. Eamon Farrell from Vodafone will outline measures taken by that company since our last meeting.

Ms Cara Twohig

I am very pleased to be here to present to the committee Vodafone Ireland's plans to enhance child protection measures for our customers and to speak about how we plan to combat and deal with cyber bullying and bullying through mobile phones. Mr. Eamon Farrell is Vodafone Ireland's content standards manager and has been very involved in introducing the various child protection measures we already have in place for our customers. He will speak about the programme and plan for the technical solution that we will launch shortly and about a broader research programme. We will speak about the consultation process and some of the key learning and insights we gained from our dealings with key experts in the field of child protection, relevant local agencies and our parent and teenage customers. We will also discuss the criteria used in the development of the technical solution we will launch in the coming months.

Mr. Eamon Farrell

I want to take the committee through some of the thinking that went into choosing the solutions we will implement. In recent years we have had ongoing conversations with experts from throughout the world and from within the Vodafone group. In particular, we have spoken a great deal withDr. Stephen Minton, a Trinity academic and the co-author of Cyber Bullying: The Irish Experience, which was the focus of television coverage over the past year. He is also the co-author of Dealing with Bullying in Schools: A Training Manual for Teachers, Parents and Other Professionals, one of the principal textbooks on the subject of dealing with bullying in schools.

What we are told by the experts, particularly Dr. Minton, is that imposing parental control is suitable only for very young children and that the most serious bullying occurs at a later age, when children are in their teens. Children over the age of 13 are fiercely defensive of their privacy and we recognise this from our personal experiences. Research shows that teens have stated that if they thought parents would impose controls or restrictions on their personal messages they would not tell their parents about bullying. It is very important that we are quite sensitive in the way we provide a solution and that we provide a tool to parents which can be used in a variety of ways.

As we are all aware, bullying incidents work cross-plaform; they do not simply occur in one area or another and occur simultaneously in the real world and the virtual world. In this way, texts are only a symptom of something that may be going on elsewhere. We have taken the view that the solutions we implement in this area should be more than simply technical and should provide a way of advising people on how to cope with this type of abuse.

From Vodafone's experience with Internet filters, we can see that people very quickly find ways of getting around any technical solution that we implement. There is a fact of life that we must all come to terms with, which is that the ability to control use of the Internet and mobile phones is becoming more of a problem and is more difficult for operators and institutions. In Iran, for example, the Government is finding it difficult to control the way people use rapidly developing communications systems. We need to be aware that technical solutions are limited in the absence of a wider awareness programme. We should empower young people with the life skills they need to deal with new environments.

Ms Cara Twohig

These lessons translate into a clear set of criteria against which Vodafone measures the solutions available in the market. The product must be easy to use and should not usurp the role of parents or be regarded as oppressive by teens. It should be provided without charge to users and should not involve the expense of a new handset. A downloadable application would fit these criteria. The solution should be primarily aimed at helping older children given that teens are most at risk from serious bullying. The application should be appropriate for and understandable by both parents and children. Preferably, parent and child would jointly set up the controls. It must not create opportunities for further bullying and should be available on as wide a range of handsets as possible. It should not undermine the usefulness of mobile phones in terms of contact between parent and teenager or child. It should form part of a credible policy on child protection and be adaptable for future developments. Finally, it should inform or evolve into a more sophisticated solution in the future.

Mr. Eamon Farrell

Early in the next school year we will launch a simple configurable blocking tool which can be customised by parents and children to whatever form is appropriate for their own use. The tool is provided by an innovative Irish company called TechBridge and we intend that it will be the first generation of our response to bullying. It will be free, will operate across a wide range of handsets and will not be visible to somebody who casually picks up a child's telephone because the icon will be customisable. Simultaneously, we will develop an anti-bullying action plan for children and parents.

With Dr. Minton's scientific guidance, we are supporting innovative research into anti-bullying strategies, appropriate technical solutions and assessing bullying on an ongoing basis. We are also working with the wider Internet and mobile telephone industry as well as institutions to provide personal and professional advisory resources for teachers who are dealing with cyber issues. This will be called TeachToday and is part of a European initiative. Vodafone will separately launch a family website which will offer support and advice about mobile phone use across a range of issues.

Ms Cara Twohig

In tandem with these plans we are funding the ISPCC's Childline Online service. This service has been relaunched to deal with teens and bullying. I am told that the numbers of users of the service has quadrupled since its relaunch. The funding covers the training of volunteers who are available on-line to assist children and teenagers on the receiving end of bullying. It is important to recognise that while Vodafone Ireland has not been the first to move to market with a product, we believe that we have the right solution. It has been developed through our work with local experts and customers. The reason this solution is right for us is because it not only comprises vital technical elements but also contributes to a broader learning programme which will help us to understand the psychological and broader aspects of bullying.

Mr. Tommy McCabe

Mr. Gareth Davis will now outline what Meteor has been doing. This year, Gareth is also chair of the ICIA.

Mr. Gareth Davis

We welcome the opportunity to update the committee on the progress we have made since last November. Much of what I will say will be similar to my colleagues' presentations because we have also met the experts, Barnardos, the anti-bullying centre in Trinity College Dublin, which is headed by Dr. Minton, and the National Centre for Technology in Education. We have sought guidance from the foremost experts in this area.

We continue to engage proactively with providers of solutions based on language algorithms and sim, handset and network applications. We have evaluated each of these options against the criteria we drew up after meeting the experts. Internally, we agreed a minimum set of criteria which we would want any service provider to meet. As these are similar to the criteria outlined by the representatives of Vodafone, I will not rehearse them for the committee. We have received budgetary approval from our senior management team to progress the project and have prepared a request for tender document for publication. This will allow any solution provider who meets our criteria to apply through the tender process.

In parallel with these efforts, we want to continue our sponsorship of Rehab's "Heads Up" service. That this is the third year we have sponsored the service clearly demonstrates our longer term awareness of this issue. The "Heads Up" service is free to all mobile users in the country regardless of which network operator they happen to use and provides advice on a range of teen issues including but not limited to child bullying.

Mr. Tommy McCabe

I ask Ms Catriona Costello to outline what 3 has done since our last appearance before the committee

Ms Catriona Costello

I am grateful for the opportunity to outline what 3 has done since we last appeared before the committee in November. On 19 December 2008, 3 launched the first anti-bullying application in Europe. The KidSafe application allows parents to manage their children's mobile use. From mid-July this safety feature, which enables parents to know when, how and with whom their children are using mobile telephones, will be available nationwide and free of charge. We have proactively worked with the Minister of State at the Office of the Minister for Children, Deputy Barry Andrews, Barnardos, the ISPCC and the Irish Primary Principals Network to ensure they are familiar with our product.

We are a signatory to the European framework for safer mobile use by younger teenagers and, as such, we have put in place effective access and filtering controls for the Internet.

The KidSafe application works on the basis of an approved list of up to 200 numbers. Only people on that list, such as trusted family members and friends, may communicate with the user. Children as young as nine and ten now have mobile phones and it is essential that they learn from their parents how to use them responsibly. With 3's KidSafe application, parents now have a choice in terms of choosing a mobile phone for their children. It blocks voice and, on some telephones, video calls, in and out of the handset. It blocks regular text messages as well as picture messages in and out from any unauthorised contacts. The application is continually advancing and after rigorous testing and results we can disable Bluetooth communications, which teenagers use all the time as an alternative free method for transferring pictures, etc., the camera functionality which has been used in other jurisdictions for happy slapping incidents and the Internet browser.

It is essential that parents discuss with their children the importance of having this application on their telephones. Their mobile phone experience is no different from that of any other telephone. Once the parent is satisfied the child is using the telephone in a responsible manner, the parent can adjust the settings of the handset to allow certain services as he or she sees fit. As the child gets older and more responsible, the application can be removed altogether, leaving the teenager with a 3G telephone with the most up-to-date applications.

The application provides for reports which list the blocked attempts of text messages and calls into and out of the handset. Parents have the ability to check this report to see who is trying to contact their children, and if need be, add them to the approved list if they are an approved contact, or report them to the appropriate authorities, depending on the severity of the case.

3 is leading the way in the industry with this vital application and will continue to work to protect our children from inappropriate content and behaviour. The KidSafe applications benefit the parent and child as the user, and we are satisfied we have a complete, robust solution that can tailor all communication methods via the handset. We are delighted to be the only operator in Europe to pass this confidence on to our parents. The application will be free to download from our handsets from mid-July.

Mr. Tommy McCabe

That is the update from the four operators who are members of the ICIA on mobile phone bullying since we last met with the committee and we are happy to take any comments or questions from the committee.

I hope that from the meeting we had more than six months ago the industry realises this committee was genuinely concerned about this issue and wanted a serious response from the industry rather than a PR spin job. It is important to recognise some positive things have happened. In the case of Vodafone and Meteor, consultation has gone on but we have not seen the products to the market yet, and that is disappointing, particularly from big companies that knew they were coming in this morning.

I have a number of questions on the products available because they are still not providing what we want. Can the Block It product block mobile phone calls or just texts? It is welcome that O2 has taken the Firefly product onto its network, but I recognise what the others have said, that this is primarily aimed at children younger than teenagers. I spoke at a primary school recently launching a whiteboard project and out of curiosity I asked the school how many children in the school had mobile phones. All but four children in the entire primary school had a mobile phone. I was killed by the teachers afterwards because they assured me that those four children would get telephones having been humiliated by me.

It is a bit patronising of the industry to say things like they should not usurp the role of parents or be regarded as oppressive by teens or children. Many parents want to make decisions on behalf of their children and should be given the tools to do that, whether the expert opinion confirms that or not. We want choice for parents and children. One is dealing with an entirely different challenge with a 15 or 16 year old than with a seven or eight year old or a nine or ten year old. Particularly Vodafone and Meteor offer nothing for primary school children. They are examining getting it right for teens, and I respect that is not easy.

It would be wrong to suggest it is simply a case of putting a Block It — type solution in place. I want parents to be able to go into a shop among all operators — 3, Meteor and O2 — and be able to choose a mobile phone they can control and give to their children. I cannot understand why the companies are not giving them that solution. I do not care whether it is Firefly. If Vodafone demanded in the morning from the suppliers or put a tender out to provide a Firefly-type product, it would have it within months. It need not tell me it would not. It dictates the type of telephones it wants to sell because it has the market to be able to do that. It is not good enough that they are not providing parents with that type of solution.

From O2's perspective I would like to see a hybrid between the Firefly telephone and Block It. I would like to see young children being able to text and receive texts from their parents because it is cheaper to do that. Having a Firefly-type telephone one can text on would be great. Children aged seven or eight do not need to access the web on their mobile phones or have camera phones. However, texting is in many ways what younger children want rather than voice calls, even with their parents. Children will want to text many of the 22 numbers they are allowed on a Firefly telephone rather than physically talk to them, and I would like to see that develop.

I recognise the industry is examining this and is spending money on it and that is welcome. However, I would like an answer on why one cannot block voice calls on Block It. That is necessary. If there is a teenage spat where a relationship is being ended and there is a lot of grief about that, one wants a girl to be able to cut somebody off from calling her, including voice calls as well as texts and picture messages. I do not understand why the Block It function does not do that.

Dr. Stephen Minton seems to be the expert. Maybe we should be talking to him and educating ourselves on the solutions required. The people who know their children best are parents. It is a little patronising for the industry to tell parents the kind of appropriate solutions their children should adopt, particularly empowering young teens. Parents should have the capacity to decide what their 12, 13 or 14 year olds are using. One has to trust the relationship between parents and children primarily because they buy the products, pay the bills and have the ultimate responsibility for their children.

While I agree that one has to empower teens above a certain age to make decisions, there is a crucial age between, say, nine and 14 when children mature at different ages. I cannot accept that parents should not be able to go into a shop, buy a telephone they can control and say to their child, frankly, "Tough. This is what you are getting." That is not being provided. We are trying to be too subtle on that. If I am cynical, I suspect that is because it would result in reduced revenue for the industry in texts and mobile phone calls. It is difficult not to be cynical about that. I am glad Meteor has received sanction for budgetary approval and the witnesses might indicate how much it has sanction for and how much money Meteor will spend in this area. If the company has received budgetary approval I presume there is an amount of money involved. I would like to know how serious Meteor is in establishing a new product.

I look forward to seeing Vodafone's product when it comes out in the autumn; it is welcome and there seems to be a genuine commitment to produce it. What will be the difference between that product and the Block It product, for example, as it seems to be more or less the same. Will Meteor have a similar product?

From my knowledge, which is not expert, the KidSafe product seems to be the most impressive on the market because it empowers parents to control voice calls as well as everything else. Crucially, it allows a parent to give a mobile phone to a child knowing the capacity of the phone. Ultimately, that is what the issue should be about.

Will we reach a point where parents who buy a phone for their child will be hit with very clear information as to what is available? When walking into an O2, Vodafone, Meteor or 3 store, I do not get a sense that a product is targeting parents with young children or teenagers. I call into such stores now and again to look at various products that I might be interested in and such a product should be available. It should be obvious to parents, most of whom simply do not know these products are available, regardless of what is on websites and so on. It should become the norm that every parent would know of such products when they go into a shop because they are told or can see that if they have a child under a certain age, there may be an appropriate product for them.

Whether this is KidSafe, Block It, a Firefly phone or something like that, it should be the first choice and a parent should have to decide not to go for it if they should choose an adult phone for their child. The parents must be directed in that and must make the conscious choice not to go for the limited phone if they give an adult phone to a child. This is instead of parents having to look for something in the market that will suit their child. We are not there yet and perhaps that is where we are moving to. From listening to parents and teachers who speak to me, that is where parents want to be.

I will not repeatedly intervene on this and I apologise for going on a bit. I know others wish to contribute. Mobile phones are a real headache in schools. I would like an answer to the question of whether parents with young children will be guided towards a child-friendly phone when they go into a mobile phone store and have to make a conscious choice if they look for an adult phone for a child. We are nowhere near that and parents must search for the solutions. There is no solution with a number of the big operators, even if a parent wants one.

I am not saying solutions are simple or easy from a technical or social perspective, and I accept the point being made by both Meteor and Vodafone. Those points primarily apply to those who are over 13 or 14 years. For people under that age, although bullying is not as much of a potential problem, it is an area where parents want simple solutions. I do not accept that the technical solutions are not there.

Why is the Firefly phone not available across all networks and what is the downside in that respect? I look forward to having another meeting in November or December to assess the Vodafone product when it comes out and I hope we will have a Meteor product of a similar nature. I also hope we will get something new and challenging that can lead the market so we can set the bar higher each time a new product is developed.

We will take comments from other members before we hear replies.

Cuirim fáilte roimh an toscaireacht ó O2 agus Vodafone go dtí an cruinniú. I will start with the comment from Mr. Farrell to which I would subscribe that bullying incidents take place across platforms. Texts are only a symptom and a solution should be broader than focusing on the technical. Nonetheless, there is an onus on the industry in this respect. In varying degrees, it has responded to the request.

The companies are all part of international consortia and it would strike me as odd if Ireland is a trendsetter and there are not templates within other jurisdictions to deal with this issue. Will the witnesses comment on that? O2 appears to be ahead of the posse if we consider the presentations received. In light of the reference made to Mr. Farrell's comment, I would like to ask a couple of questions on that product.

Does the sender know if the text has been blocked? That would prevent subsequent bullying, although I presume it would not affect the first bullying attempt by text. The system depends on the response of the teenager in question to initiate the process of blocking a particular number, which may lead to its own problems from the person carrying out the bullying. I am concerned about that.

I agree with Deputy Coveney's comments on why calls are not being blocked. Is that for commercial reasons rather than issues of protection? Will the witnesses comment on that as it seems the technology should have the capacity to allow particular numbers to be blocked from even leaving messages on a phone, which can form a source of bullying in tandem with texts?

Is the message which is either sent or blocked recorded on the system? There may be data protection issues but if somebody is bullying, others need to be aware of who are those people. I am conscious of the laws surrounding data protection, which the companies are governed by, but perhaps we should be considering the matter to ensure the source of the bullying and the schools etc. are put on notice so remedial action can be taken. This goes back to Mr. Farrell's comment that bullying is a cross-platform issue.

O2 also seems to be dealing with younger children with the Firefly phone. What is the take-up of that? Anecdotally we are told there is not a great take-up in this respect and it may come back to Deputy Coveney's point that there is insufficient advertising or promotion of the product. Will the witnesses comment on that because it is all part of a culture within the industry to be seriously concerned and to take responsible approaches to the issue?

When will the Vodafone product be on the market and what functionalities will be secured on the system? I gather from the presentation that Meteor seems to be a bit behind on the matter. It is sending out a request for tender but are there specific proposals on the table? Is the company leaving it to the bodies being tendered to specify what they see as the solutions? Is the company gearing its protection towards the teenage market rather than the children's market, as there does not appear to be anything for that demographic? The opposite seems to apply for 3's KidSafe, which seems to be geared for the children's market. What proposals do the delegates have for the teenage market? The point was made that parents could monitor their children's mobile phone activities, but teenagers would be reluctant to allow this. This may be an impediment to achieving our aims.

I thank the delegates for the efforts they have made and hope we will see further progress in the months ahead.

I welcome the operators and thank them for coming before the committee. This is a large and complex area. I compliment them on their efforts. Like my colleague, I would like to know what the issues are in Europe and elsewhere.

As a parent of eight children aged seven to 23, I understand the situation with children and teenagers using mobile phones. I can appreciate why the take-up of Firefly has been slow — it is not cool and one could be seen as not keeping up. This is a major problem and a much broader issue than one the companies can deal with. Therefore, parents must take a major role and responsibility. The companies can only do so much and are doing a reasonable amount, although some are ahead of the posse, but parental control must be more widespread in the context of family discussion.

Bullying is not confined to mobile phones, but they are certainly used as a tool in this regard. However, it is only one aspect of the problem; we must consider the wider issue. I am interested in the different solutions provided here, but I fully accept they are only part of the solution.

Mr. Tommy McCabe

I thank members for their questions, to which we will try to respond. To take Deputy McGrath's final comment first, I appreciate his remarks and acknowledge that bullying is a major problem for society. The industry is eager to play its part and we will respond to the specific queries raised. I acknowledge and agree with the Deputy that the issue is so broad that the industry on its own will not come up with solutions to the problem of bullying by mobile phone. The role of parents is instrumental. That was the general point the industry representatives were seeking to make earlier; they were not being condescending but saying that ultimately parents must take decisions on what their children do. The industry must provide choice, as mentioned by Deputy Coveney. I will respond to his specific query later. I must make the general remark that the problem cannot be solved by the industry alone. There is a major input to be made by parents also; this is an issue which must be addressed outside the industry. I suggest, if it is in order, that we hear the companies' responses to the specific queries raised.

Ms Majella Fitzpatrick

I will respond to Deputy Coveney's questions. The Deputy is correct in stating parents need to have a choice. The problem is that it is not a question of one size fits all. That is why we have taken an approach in which we offer two products. The Block It product is targeted at young teens of 13 years upwards which, to the best of our knowledge to date, is the age at which most bullying takes place. We are also informed, again by the experts, that most bullying takes place by text message. Currently the Block It product does not support the blocking of voice calls. Technically, this would be much more difficult and sophisticated. The approach we have taken is to launch both services onto the market, monitor them closely and evaluate the impact they have in order that we can continue to refine and enhance the products.

The suggestion of a hybrid between Firefly and Block It is interesting. We have started to work closely on Firefly only in the last couple of months. It has different variations but is clearly targeted at very young children, or rather their parents, in order that they may contact them on it. Obviously, it is very limited in its capabilities. Members are correct in stating there is another age group between these two in which texting is an issue. We will continue to monitor the products being launched.

While I can understand Deputy Coveney's cynicism, I must refute the suggestion that we are not moving ahead with technologies such as that for the blocking of voice calls owing to the impact it may have on our revenue. Those in this customer segment are very heavy users of text messages as opposed to voice calls. The split is around 80:20 and 80% of the texts sent by this audience are free. It is not the case that we are deliberately ignoring one aspect of a solution; we are concentrating on where we consider the product will have the most impact and we will be monitoring it closely.

Senator Walsh asked a specific question about Block It.

To return to Ms Fitzpatrick's previous point, is it technically possible to use the blocking system to stop voice calls and messages?

Ms Majella Fitzpatrick

It is possible.

Why is O2 not extending the service?

Ms Majella Fitzpatrick

As we understand it — people know this intuitively — bullies prefer to use the barrier of texting via mobile phone as opposed to making telephone calls. That is the information we have.

We will allow the delegates to answer all questions and if members are not happy, they may ask further questions, but we will not have an exchange back and forth.

Ms Majella Fitzpatrick

Senator Walsh asked whether the sender knew the text was blocked. The sender does not know, which is consistent with best practice advice which suggests victims should not respond to bullies. If the sender, that is, the bully, received a response that his or her text had been blocked, that would, in effect, be a response. Thus, the sender is not aware, but the receiver knows that messages are being blocked from that telephone number.

With regard to the take-up of Firefly, we started to stock it quite recently; therefore, I do not have up-to-date figures, but I can provide them later. The product has been sold in Ireland through different outlets such as Xtra-vision, Smyth's toy shops and so on for the best part of two years and the company has done quite a bit of promotional work. However, we are now promoting the availability of Firefly within our range.

Ms Cara Twohig

Deputy Coveney has mentioned the amount of time it has taken us to get to a point at which we have a solution that is right for us to launch. As I mentioned, we fully accept that we have not been the fastest in terms of being the first or second operator to move to market. I appreciate members' comments on the primacy of parental decisions. The reason it has taken us so long to get to this point is that we had as many inputs from parents and teenagers in shaping our criteria as we had from experts in the field of child protection.

Concerning the timeframe, the launch will be in the early part of the school year. We would like to have had it on the market earlier but will be in a position to launch it in about October. Mr. Farrell might be the best person to describe how the solution works.

Mr. Eamon Farrell

There were a couple of misunderstandings arising from the way I presented this. It might answer questions on both sides if I offer some salient points concerning how the system we are adopting works. It is a configurable and customisable system that can be a white list or a black list. This means that while it is suitable for teenagers who can be involved in saying they do not want a particular friend to get a certain message or do not want such a thing to happen, it can be used equally by a parent of a younger child, who might say that there will only be a white list of certain numbers the child can receive from on an existing telephone. The point is that the system works not only on new telephones but on the majority of existing telephones in our base. People are not necessarily going to have to go out and buy expensive new telephones to make this work. Parents can take whatever line or attitude they like in so far as the system works and can make it as restrictive as possible. We are not being prescriptive as far as that is concerned because we accept absolutely that it is entirely the parents' prerogative to deal with their children as they wish. We are only building a system which is designed for the most difficult circumstances, namely, for older teenagers.

This will be a free system and will be easily downloadable on the widest range of the most popular telephones on our handset base. It can be administered by PIN code if necessary. The parents can have a PIN code on that telephone to which only they can get access. It is configurable in terms of responses to different messages from different callers. There will be different caller groups, so if a person on a particular number who is known to be a bully is in a particular caller group they may receive a message back from that telephone asking them not to call any more, or may not receive any kind of message, or the call can be ignored completely. That is configurable by the system.

In addition, the icons and any evidence of the system on the telephone can be hidden by the user. I return to the point made about recording messages. We believe this to be a very important option. The parent can set up a log where not only the record of a message sent from a particular number goes but also the content of that message. Therefore, the parent can have evidence of the sort of abuse that is going on and if it becomes a more serious incidence of bullying it can be used as verification or potential evidence.

I ask members to forgive me if I miss any of the other questions. One concerned our motivation in this area. We have spent several millions of euro in Ireland dealing with child protection issues. These only restrict our revenue and are done purely from the point of view of corporate social responsibility. That position has been taken globally by Vodafone.

Regarding the international responses, there was a report this week by the EU Kids On-line project which put cyber bullying at No. 5 on the list of issues children faced on-line in other jurisdictions. Obviously, it is very significant in this country and I believe it would be a very good idea to bring Dr. Minton in here because this is his area of expertise, rather than mine, or ours. If one considers the incidence in countries such as Norway, which has reduced significantly the instances of bullying in the past 12 years, this has been achieved by legislation in schools which demands that schools have active anti-bullying campaigns that run continuously. Norway has very stringent laws in that regard. There are different approaches in other countries. In Norway, there are products on mobile telephones too but they have prioritised this across society for some considerable time and I believe that would be a very interesting case to examine.

Concerning the Firefly, we have taken the decision not to range it, based on customer research and talking to parents and children. However, as Ms Fitzpatrick said, our Fireflies are widely available in a number of stores and we have several hundreds on our network that are currently in use.

Our system can also block voice calls. We have not taken the decision yet to do that because, again, it is a problematical area. For example, this system may be used by people who are not being bullied. People might sign up to download the application who may use it for a wide range of other uses and might block people who should be able to get access to them, for example, people to whom they owe money, and so forth. There are difficulties regarding voice calls.

Have I answered all the questions?

Mr. Gareth Davis

I shall try to go through the main themes expressed. Deputy Coveney asked how much of the budget had been approved internally and what our product will be. There was a further question on the make-up of the tender process, concerning whether we would tell people what we wanted or ask them to explain to us what service they can provide. As I mentioned in my presentation, we have developed a minimum set of criteria and we will expect anybody responding to that tender process to meet these. As with any tender process, we will assign a certain weighting to each element of our minimum acceptable criteria and then will go through the normal procedure and pick the vendor of choice.

What is the timeframe?

I will let members speak again later when all the delegates have finished their replies.

Mr. Gareth Davis

One of the criteria we will impose is the time line in which the vendor can introduce the product onto our network. Again, that will be weighted so that those who can install it quickly on a network may gain more points than those who cannot. Concerning how much budget has been approved, I do not believe it is appropriate to disclose that now. It is commercially sensitive and may give some information to those who are going to apply through the tender process. I shall confirm that we have received sufficient budgetary approval to launch such a product. When the tender process has closed I will be more than happy to confirm those figures in writing to the committee.

We will demand that these vendors meet our minimum set of criteria. Senator Walsh mentioned that we might be behind the posse. The reason we have not launched yet is that we feel strongly we are getting our product right for our market segment. Members may well ask why we could not launch on our network the KidSafe product launched by 3. Unfortunately, the technologies are completely different and we could not take that solution and install it on our network. It simply would not work. It is not as simple as looking at the other services out there and trying to pick a box up and drop it onto our network. We believe we have engaged with all parties in the field to gather information for us and educate ourselves on the best possible product we can bring to the market to provide the maximum effect and protection for the users on our network, not only children but all users.

Regarding the retention of data, I agree there are data protection concerns. When the network retains that data in situations where it is also possible for the recipient to retain it, for example, the parent, as Mr. Farrell outlined, that is fine. However, in respect of a network providing the content of communications sent across its network, even the retention of data, the new Bill under discussion would exclude specifically the retention of any content of communications.

I believe I have covered all questions.

Mr. Tommy McCabe

Ms Catriona Costello from 3 Ireland will respond to the queries raised.

Ms Catriona Costello

I refer to Deputy Coveney's query on directing parents when they come into a store. From July our stores will be kitted out such that any child or parent who comes in to purchase a handset will be directed straight to our Kidsafe application which will inform them on which phones it is available and the ins and outs of the whole product. The committee will see plenty of us from July onwards.

The reason the Firefly phone is not available across all networks is we believe our product is better than Firefly. It does exactly the same thing but in a better way. It is a high-end phone with more functionality. It is possible to tailor the product, to block absolutely everything for kids and to remove or add some of the services for teenagers as they become more responsible. Therefore, the phone is tailored for any age group. It is up to the parent to decide and if the parent believes the child is suitably responsible then he or she can give the child full responsibility of the handset. The handset is also blocked by a PIN, personal identification number, such that if a parent believes the child is suitably responsible, he or she could take away the application altogether.

The KidSafe application is geared at the kids market as well as teenagers and young adults. It is a high-end functionality phone. We are proud to be the only operator in Europe to be able to block voice and text and we are working currently to block video as well. We invested a significant amount of time, money and people to develop the ability to tailor the handset for bluetooth, camera functionality and the Internet. We really pushed the boat to get it to the market.

Mr. Tommy McCabe

That is the response from the industry.

I will put some brief questions on the comments. I fully accept this is something we should not expect the industry to solve on its own. There is a very significant onus on society and policy makers to find ways in which we can respond to bullying as well as cyber bullying. Cyber bullying is simply the media for a bully to target other people. However, there is an onus on us to put the industry under pressure to ensure it is taking the matter seriously. That is why holding meetings on a six-monthly basis to establish where the industry and the market is going is useful.

Is it possible to block web browsing using the Block It or KidSafe applications? A parent may be concerned his or her child is accessing pornographic material. This is especially the case with teenagers in situations where people are experimenting and curious and may use their phone to access various types of information about which parents have a concern. I am unsure about the position although I gather blocking is possible with KidSafe.

There is a difference between offering a software package for a phone, which allows a child with an existing phone to block numbers, and a proactive approach in which a parent makes a conscious choice to give an appropriate phone to their child and to understand the options. I believe that there is not that understanding. It is very hard to educate parents about what is possible if one does not target them when they are buying the phone. One could organise all the marketing campaigns, websites and leaflet drops to try to educate parents about what it is possible to get for their children's mobile phones, but the time to alert them is when the parent makes the choice to purchase the phone. That is the key time to get the message across that buying a phone without a protection mechanism is almost irresponsible for parents and that is the stage we must reach.

The industry will be a good deal more aware than I that children run rings around parents in terms of mobile phone usage and what is available. Most parents are surprised their children can access the Internet in many cases. In time they will access movies and watch matches on their mobile phones and so on, which is fine, but the real issue is the point of purchase when a parent enters a shop with his or her child and is being nagged to buy the latest technology. It is critical the person behind the counter indicates what is recommended for a given age group.

I accept the Firefly product is not acceptable for children or teenagers above a certain age. However, we are getting close to the mark with KidSafe and Block It. This is good progress but I do not accept that we should not have the capacity to block voice calls. People leave nasty voice messages on phones and this must be challenged. It is possible to go straight into voice mail to leave messages. This sometimes happens to politicians when people are displeased with what we say but do not have the courage to ring up. It is possible to dial 5 after the 087, 086 or 085 prefix and go straight into voicemail. My understanding is this takes place a good deal with children and teenagers and there must be a technical solution to this as well as for texting.

The exchange of views was useful because we gathered more information the second time around. It appears Vodafone, Meteor and 3 are installing the capacity to block telephone calls and messages but not O2, which should be examined. Anyone should be in a position to block any number and not take a call if they so wish. I realise the industry does not wish this to be the case for commercial reasons and because of the loss of revenue to the companies concerned but there is no good reason for it from a consumer point of view. I call on O2 to examine the matter. Will Meteor provide the minimum criteria either now or when appropriate because that specifies the nature of the product?

I refer to premium numbers and marketing campaigns in which mass texts are issued. Do we have the capacity to block these?

Mr. Tommy McCabe

Each company will briefly respond to the comments made.

Ms Majella Fitzpatrick

Deputy Coveney asked about Internet access and what is available for parents who enter a shop and who seek something very specific for their child, depending on age and their requirements and so on. As mentioned previously for several years dual parental controls have been available at the point of sale. Let us consider a case in which a parent comes in to buy a phone in conjunction with a child. A parent may be an authorised contact on their child's phone, but this must be done together such that nothing untoward could take place. At that point one could decide whether one wished for restricted Internet access or no access at all. That is available on all forms.

I understand why and fully accept there are additional questions concerning the reason certain things cannot be done and what we should consider in addition to what we are doing already. We were conscious of the need to get something very robust into the market as soon as possible. We could spend more weeks and months or longer on this area. However, the committee has accepted it is not simply a matter of pressing a button on a network. Telecommunications networks are very complex and, it is fair to say, we could spend years putting the be all and end all in place but we sought a solution fast.

I accept Deputy Coveney's point in regard to retail outlets. I am not convinced that we have yet devised the best possible purchasing experience for parents. That is something we are looking at. However, we have managed to put in place a suite of services which is now available to parents. We are in the process of retraining both retail outlet staff and customer care staff to ensure they have all the updated information and are able to explain the service to parents in a way that is easily understood. Our suite of products, including Firefly, Block It and other parental controls, will fit the requirements of most parents and children. However, we will monitor the service closely.

I take the points made regarding voice calls. There are inherent issues in regard to the voice side of the business. I would not be prepared to sit on what we currently have while waiting for all these issues to be ironed out. It is important to bear in mind that while one can hide one's telephone number when making a voice call, one cannot do so when sending a text message; the number goes through automatically. That is why texting figures strongly in bullying activity. I recognise that another way of disguising one's number is to access a person's voicemail facility directly, by keying in the number "5" before his or her number. That is something we can look at more closely. As I said, we intend to monitor the service carefully to see how our customers respond to it. I will be pleased to keep members informed of how that is progressing.

Ms Cara Twohig

We would like the opportunity to attend a future meeting of the committee to take members through our product in more detail, explain how the research side of it will work and outline our involvement in TeachToday. To confirm, premium content can be blocked using our service.

Mr. Gareth Davies

Senator Walsh asked about blocking voice calls. This is included in our minimum criteria and at an appropriate time, we will show the committee that full list of criteria.

I will put on my ICIA hat in order to make a final point. The word "choice" has come up frequently today and at the previous committee meeting we attended. Representatives of four mobile operators are at the table today and, as we have seen, we are potentially looking at four entirely unique and independent solutions. Each operator has consulted experts — possibly the same ones — and educated itself on the same topics. As a result, each operator has come forward with a solution which best suits the technology on its network, such as handset models and so on, its customer age profile, the numbers of prepaid and post-paid customers and so forth. As an industry, we will provide choice not only individually but collectively, with customers potentially able to choose a different solution from each operator. The committee has acknowledged that we have taken steps to address these issues. We contend that we have taken tremendous steps to provide the ultimate level of choice to parents and all mobile users in the State.

Ms Catriona Costello

Deputy Coveney asked about web browsing and the ability to block calls. Our KidSafe application, which is already on sale, has the ability to block calls. Only calls from numbers on an authorised list will get through to the handset. KidSafe also allows parents to disable web browsing on their children's telephones. If a parent wishes to allow their child access to the Internet, parental controls are available to them, such as filtering out everything other than specifically permitted websites by way of a walled garden or selecting a particular level of permissible Internet access. Our system also avails of Internet Watch Foundation technology to block illegal content, as well as the Blue Coat filter to block a list of specified websites. We have already been criticised in some quarters for blocking too much content.

I agree with Deputy Coveney's statement that education on these issues is vital. With a view to educating all our customers, we are currently carrying out staff training to ensure they are in a position to pass on the most up-to-date information to consumers. To clarify, premium rate messages are also blocked. If they are not on the approved list, they will not get through on our KidSafe application.

Mr. Tommy McCabe

To summarise, we, as representatives of the industry, are pleased to have been invited to attend the meeting. We will be happy to return, as has been suggested, later in the year to provide an update on progress made and the new developments that are taking place.

As a general rider, however, I remind members that there is something of a general misconception that the mobile phone industry is well able to pay for initiatives such as those we have been discussing. However, since we were here six months ago, the changed economic climate has affected everybody. Jobs have been lost in the mobile industry, as elsewhere, and revenues reduced. Every company must carefully consider the cost of any new initiative. While this is a worthy and important issue which is being tackled by the industry to the best of its ability, it cannot currently be the number one priority for any company. Our main priority must be to protect jobs and stimulate activity in the market. While we will certainly play our part in combating bullying using mobile technology, the overall cost of providing solutions for societal problems must come from the Exchequer. There is a view that the industry can fund this and that. However, if it is a general problem for society, the solution must be tackled by society in general as represented by the Oireachtas and the Exchequer.

I thank Mr. McCabe and the other delegates for their contributions. I am sure we can all work together on this issue and we intend to return to it before Christmas. We are pleased to announce that we have made progress in this area since we began to examine it. I also take this opportunity to thank the committee staff, Eoin, Margaret and Lorna, for their commitment, dedication and support at all times.

Is there any other business?

We should bring the points raised about Norway's legislative provisions regarding bullying in schools to the attention of the Joint Committee on Education and Science. If the Data Protection Act is an impediment to attempts to counter bullying, it should be reviewed. A substantial amount of information will be within the remit of these companies which could be used to combat bullying. We should also refer that issue to the relevant committee, whether the Joint Committee on Education and Science or otherwise. The issue of bullying in general does not come under the remit of this committee. We should pass on the knowledge we have gained to the appropriate committee.

That is a good idea. We could commission Senator Walsh to undertake a review of the issues raised and report back to us before Christmas.

I will do so.

I was sure Senator Walsh would be amenable to that proposal.

The joint committee adjourned at 11.30 a.m. until 9.45 a.m. on Wednesday, 24 June 2009.
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