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Seanad Éireann debate -
Wednesday, 21 Nov 2001

Vol. 168 No. 14

Adjournment Matters. - Primary School Textbooks.

I thank the Cathaoirleach. My Adjournment matter relates to the suitability of certain textbooks for inclusion on the primary school curriculum. It arises from an approach to me from parents in Munster who are concerned about the content of an English textbook, Magic Emerald, used by sixth class students. Parents are worried that a poem in the book portrays grandparents as old, useless, and a waste of space and recommends they be “exterminated”. As an adult, I find the word “exterminated” to be strong, so it is unusual to encounter it in a book to be used by ten to 12 year olds. I have read the offending poem which describes how a child feeds into a computer various questions on grandparents. The computer replies that grandparents have slow brains, are a waste of space and that their hair and teeth are falling out. I consider the illustration of grandparents, including the suggestion that they should be exterminated, to be quite ageist. The textbook is accompanied by a workbook, which inspires students to debate the matter. Good teachers will ensure balance in such a debate.

Parents are shocked, alarmed and dismayed. They have contacted the Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform on several occasions to argue that the poem may contravene legislation on incitement to hatred or equality. He suggested that the matter was within the ambit of the Minister for Education and Science, to whom a letter was sent by parents, pointing out the inappropriateness of this series of texts. The response to this letter was merely an acknowledgment that it had been received. The parents are disappointed that they have not been told who is responsible for vetting textbooks used in primary schools. I was unable to tell them.

I do not wish to argue for censorship, but I do not know whether it is the responsibility of a syllabus committee, the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment or another similar national council, school boards of management, individual teachers or school principals. Nobody seems to be able to say how curricula are formed. There may be other offensive texts.

I remember that Gemma Hussey authorised an audit of the language used in textbooks. She felt that the word "he" in textbooks should be replaced with "he or she". She was equally annoyed by the stereotyping of males and females, as Daidí was always ag tiomáint an gluaisteáin or ag imirt peile leis na buachaillí. He was having a great time while poor Mamaí was sa chistin and poor Máire was ag cabhrú le Mamaí. An attractive lifestyle for women was not indicated in those texts. Ms Hussey gender-proofed texts, but I wonder who is responsible for vetting books in this era of multi-media and learning materials of all shapes and sizes. The book to which I originally referred was published by Fallon Publishers; it did not appear elsewhere. Who is responsible in the Department of Education and Science for dealing with the definite and understandable concerns of parents in relation to the textbook Magic Emerald? I would appreciate a reply from the Minister.

I thank Senator Jackman for giving me the opportunity to outline to the House the position of the Department of Education and Science in relation to the matter she has raised. Under the provisions of the Education Act, 1998, a recognised school is required to provide education appropriate to the abilities and needs of its students and to use its available resources to provide for the educational needs of all students. Textbooks are among the main resources used by schools to deliver the curriculum to pupils. Schools are obliged to ensure the education they provide meets the requirements of education policy as determined by Ministers, including prescribed curriculum provision requirements.

In accordance with section 30 of the 1998 Act, the Minister may prescribe the curriculum for recognised schools, including the subjects to be offered, the syllabus for each subject and the amount of instruction time to be allotted to each subject. The National Council for Curriculum and Assessment, NCCA, is the statutory body established to advise the Minister on the content of curricula. In the course of developing curricula, the NCCA consults with educational publishers to advise them of amendments to curricula, ensuring that changes in syllabus content are reflected in textbooks published to support the implementation of the curriculum. The NCCA provided detailed specifications to publishers about the content of the textbooks required to support the implementation of the present primary curriculum, launched in September 1999.

Until the 1990s, under the rules for national schools, boards of management were required to select books from a list sanctioned by the Minister. The practice of maintaining a list of sanctioned text books was discontinued due to the increasing range of text books published and because of doubts about legality of this procedure under European competition law. Text book publishing for schools is a global industry and text books published in Ireland, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand and the United States can be readily purchased for use in Irish primary schools. School authorities can therefore select from a wide range of text books to support teaching and learning in various aspects of the curriculum. In the first instance, the selection of text books is a matter for school planning and, in making their selection, school authorities are expected to ensure that text books do not contain material which could be considered unsuitable.

Consultation with parents is an integral part of the process of development and review of the school plan. It is important to stress that primary schools are obliged under the terms of the Education Act not to require any student to attend instruction in any subject which is contrary to the conscience of the parent of the student. This requirement should be borne in mind when selecting text books to ensure that the content of text books is consistent with the ethos of the school and the values and religious beliefs of the parents of children using the text books. It is very important that this consideration would be among the criteria used when the staff of each school come together to decide on appropriate text books for use in the different curricular areas.

In the event that parents or others consider that unsuitable material is included in a text book in use in a primary school, as has been suggested here, the matter should be brought to the attention of the principal teacher and the chairperson of the board of management of the school. If the matter is not resolved at that stage, it can then be referred to the text book committee of the Department of Education and Science, who will advise the Minister on the matter and on action he might consider. The Minister has powers under section 30(2)(c) of the Education Act to give directions to schools, where he or she considers it appropriate, to ensure that the subjects and syllabuses pursued in schools are appropriate and relevant to the educational and vocational needs of the students in those schools. I thank the Senator again for giving me the opportunity of explaining the position on this matter to the House.

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