Ireland’s 2019 and 2021 Climate Action Plan are underpinned by modelling inputs from the broad spectrum of expertise available to the Government, as well as contracted technical input from a range of bodies and organisations. It was also informed by a public consultation, inputs from the relevant Ministers and their Departments, and a call for expert evidence. The 2019 Plan was based on a marginal abatement cost curve and relied largely on known and well understood technologies and measures to reduce emissions. The 2021 Plan built on this analysis in order to deliver the greater ambition committed to in the Programme for Government. For the 2021 Plan, outputs from the modelling have assisted in developing target emissions reduction ranges for each sector of the economy by 2030 to achieve a 51% reduction, and set Ireland on a pathway to achieving net zero emissions no later than 2050. The Plan also sets out policies, measures and actions needed to deliver these targets. The target emissions reduction ranges will be replaced by specific, legally-binding, sectoral emissions ceilings in the 2022 Climate Action Plan, following their adoption by Government once the economy-wide carbon budgets are approved by the Oireachtas.