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Tuesday, 26 Jul 2022

Written Answers Nos. 691-705

Derelict Sites

Questions (691, 703)

Thomas Gould

Question:

691. Deputy Thomas Gould asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage the amounts collected, levied, owed and owed cumulatively under the derelict sites register; and the number of sites on each register by local authority for 2021, in tabular form. [40546/22]

View answer

Thomas Gould

Question:

703. Deputy Thomas Gould asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage the total amount collected by local authority in derelict sites levies since the relevant Act was established in 1990. [40812/22]

View answer

Written answers

I propose to take Questions Nos. 691 and 703 together.

Local Authorities are required to submit an annual return to my Department providing information on the operation of the Derelict Sites Act 1990 in their functional areas. The table below contains the information requested regarding the operation of the derelict sites levy, as per the most recent returns from local authorities relating to the year 2021. Returns are awaited from 4 local authorities - Laois, South Dublin, Westmeath and Wexford County Councils.

The total amount of levies collected by local authorities under the Derelict Sites Act 1990 since it was established is not available in my Department. The relevant local authority should be contacted for this information.

Addressing vacancy and dereliction, and maximising the use of the existing housing stock, is a priority objective of the Government, as evidenced by the recently published Housing for All - A New Housing Plan for Ireland where one of the four pathways in the plan is specifically dedicated to this area.

My Department continues to liaise with local authorities on the implementation of the Derelict Sites Act 1990 (the Act) with a view to improving its effectiveness. In this regard, my Department initiated a review of the Act in November 2021 and has sought initial submissions from local authorities on potential improvements to the legislative provisions and the way they are applied. My Department has now established a focused working group to speedily progress this matter further.

Local Authority

No. of sites in respect of which a notice / demand under the Act issued

No. of Derelict Sites on Register at 1 January 2021

No. of Derelict Sites on Register at 31 December 2021

No. of Derelict Sites levied during the year

Amount levied during the year

Amount received in respect of sites levied during 2021

Cumulative amount of levies outstanding at 31 December 2021

Carlow

38

22

25

15

€122,068.00

€5,000.00

€256,731.00

Cavan

21

23

21

0

€-

€-

€ -

Clare

26

39

39

0

€-

€-

€-

Cork County

18

182

67

4

€32,200.00

€-

€32,200.00

Cork City

112

95

95

61

€ 1,740,000.00

€570,000.00

€4,200,000.00

Donegal

0

18

18

0

€ -

€-

€ -

Dublin City

103

76

79

56

€1,540,971.00

€417,447.00

€4,756,429.00

Dun Laoghaire Rathdown

21

10

10

5

€159,250.00

€17,500.00

€737,324.00

Fingal

19

3

5

0

€-

€-

€7,500.00

Galway City

22

16

9

2

€11,900.00

€389,800.00

€23,900.00

Galway County

20

1

1

0

€-

€-

€ -

Kerry

72

61

65

6

€19,250.00

€ -

€255,490.00

Kildare

45

16

23

22

€125,800.00

€3,300.00

€313,738.00

Kilkenny

10

15

13

0

€-

€-

€12,450.00

Leitrim

0

36

36

0

€ -

€-

€ -

Limerick City & County

258

191

266

140

€482,541.00

€41,138.00

€1,063,290.00

Longford

11

36

36

0

€-

€-

€ -

Louth

46

1

4

1

€13,500.00

€-

€ 50,040.00

Mayo

119

268

253

28

€96,953.00

€10,383.00

€86,570.00

Meath

60

20

30

17

€122,111.00

€-

€ 580,352.00

Monaghan

9

36

30

0

€-

€-

€ -

Offaly

19

19

19

0

€-

€-

€120,240.00

Roscommon

5

8

3

0

€-

€-

€4,200.00

Sligo

14

19

26

0

€-

€-

€-

Tipperary

35

39

42

9

€38,150.00

€-

€93,938.00

Waterford City & County

4

33

33

0

€0.00

€0.00

€0.00

Wicklow

6

4

3

2

€26,950.00

€-

€ 32,100.00

Total

1113

1287

1251

368

€4,531,644.00

€1,454,568.00

€12,626,492.00

Housing Provision

Questions (692)

Pádraig O'Sullivan

Question:

692. Deputy Pádraig O'Sullivan asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage the number of stage 4 process applications for funding per annum per local authority for the years 2017 to 2021 and to date in 2022; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [40617/22]

View answer

Written answers

My Department administers a number of funding schemes to support local authority delivery of social housing. Each scheme, depending on its objectives and delivery mechanism, has a process in place whereby local authorities secure approval for funding for social housing projects.The overall pre-construction process for local authority capital-funded, social housing build projects involves local authorities undertaking a range of work including site investigations, needs assessment, planning under Part 8 including community and local elected members’ consultations, project design, procurement of design teams and contractors under the Capital Works Management Framework. The majority of local authority projects are assessed and approved by my Department via a 4-stage process.

Local authorities also have the option of using a single stage approval process for social housing projects up to €6 million in value. Local authorities also deliver social housing via turnkey and Part V contracts with developers. Such contracts also require a single funding approval.

In January 2022, I published a new Design Manual for Quality Housing and a Review of the Pre-Construction Processes undertaken in cooperation with the local authority and Approved Housing Body (AHB) sectors. These initiatives are important to improve the quality, cost-effectiveness and pace of delivery of social homes.

The table below outlines the number of applications received by my Department utilising the 4 stage pre-construction process for social housing capital projects by local authority from 2017-2022.

Local Authority

Projects to SHIP 4-Stage Pre-construction Programme 2017 to present

Carlow

10

Cavan

19

Clare

14

Cork City

13

Cork County

29

DLR

11

Donegal

9

Dublin City

19

Fingal

13

Galway City

13

Galway County

23

Kerry

29

Kildare

10

Kilkenny

12

Laois

10

Leitrim

5

Limerick

25

Longford

11

Louth

7

Mayo

24

Meath

23

Monaghan

10

Offaly

11

Roscommon

14

Sligo

7

South Dublin

8

Tipperary

22

Waterford

12

Westmeath

15

Wexford

20

Wicklow

28

Planning Issues

Questions (693)

Darren O'Rourke

Question:

693. Deputy Darren O'Rourke asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage the estimated cost of trebling the existing number of staff on each grade currently employed in An Bord Pleanála’s marine and climate unit. [40632/22]

View answer

Written answers

An Bord Pleanála’s Workforce Plan for 2021-2022 was approved by my Department in October 2021 and provided for 24 additional posts. This included an initial 8 staff for a new Marine/Climate Unit. Sanction was subsequently sought by An Bord Pleanála to fill 5 of these 8 Marine/Climate Unit positions, which my department provided. The status of these 5 positions is detailed in the table below.

Administrative Assistant x1

1 Appointed

Senior Planning Inspector (or equivalent) x 2

2 Appointed

Executive Officer x1

Competition ongoing - 1 Appointment expected in August 2022.

Assistant Director of Planning x1

Vacant

It should be noted that arrangements have been put in place by all bodies under the aegis of my Department to facilitate the provision of information directly to members of the Oireachtas. This provides a speedy, efficient and cost effective system to address queries directly to the relevant bodies. The contact email address for An Bord Pleanála in this regard is Oireachtasqueries@pleanala.ie.

In order to assist the Deputy, my Department obtained the information requested by the Deputy from An Bord Pleanála. Based on the Personal Pension Contribution (PPC) rate of €25,339 for an Administrative Assistant and €77,176 for a Senior Planning Inspector, the approximate cost of the three staff currently employed in An Bord Pleanála’s Marine and Climate Unit is €179,691 per annum. An Bord Pleanála calculated that trebling the number of staff currently employed in this unit would increase costs to approximately €539,073 per annum.

A staff resourcing plan for projects associated with the Maritime Area Planning Act, 2021 was received from An Bord Pleanála on 20 June 2022. This Plan identifies extra posts in addition to the initial Marine/Climate Unit posts already approved. My Department is currently engaging with An Bord Pleanála in relation to this Maritime Resourcing Plan.

Homeless Accommodation

Questions (694, 695, 696)

Bríd Smith

Question:

694. Deputy Bríd Smith asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage if he will provide a list of all private and voluntary companies and agencies contacted by the State to provide emergency accommodation for homeless persons for the years 2018 to 2021 and to date in 2022, in tabular form. [40686/22]

View answer

Bríd Smith

Question:

695. Deputy Bríd Smith asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage if he will provide the details of all funding provided to private and voluntary bodies and agencies for services for homeless persons including accommodation for the years 2018 to 2021 and to date in 2022, in tabular form. [40687/22]

View answer

Bríd Smith

Question:

696. Deputy Bríd Smith asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage if he will provide details of circumstances in which homeless services and emergency accommodation have been contracted by the State or local authority to a private entity; the relevant officials or bodies with responsibility for ensuring that such accommodation meets required standards; the way that it is ensured that persons and bodies providing such services are adequately and properly trained to provide such services; the way that homeless persons availing of such services can appeal or question decisions regarding their accommodation to a relevant authority, that is,. not the provider of such accommodation; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [40688/22]

View answer

Written answers

I propose to take Questions Nos. 694 to 696, inclusive, together.

My Department's role in relation to homelessness involves the provision of a national framework of policy, legislation and funding to underpin the role of housing authorities in addressing homelessness at a local level. Statutory responsibility in relation to the provision of homeless services rests with individual housing authorities.

My Department does not fund any homeless service directly but provides funding to housing authorities towards the operational costs of homeless accommodation and related services under Section 10 of the Housing Act, 1988. Under Exchequer funding arrangements, housing authorities must provide at least 10% of the cost of services from their own resources. Furthermore, housing authorities may also incur additional expenditure on homeless related services outside of the Exchequer funding arrangements provided by my Department. Therefore, the exact amounts spent by housing authorities on homeless services are a matter for individual housing authorities in consultation with the Management Group of the relevant regional joint Homelessness Consultative Forum.

The procurement of homeless services including the tendering and awarding of contracts are a matter for individual local authorities who are obliged to ensure compliance with all relevant statutory obligations in respect of provision of services and use of public funds. Decisions on the need for homeless accommodation including any procurement of services, contractual arrangements and operation and funding of homeless accommodation are a matter for individual authorities, and as Minister, I have no role.

Financial reports from each of the regional fora, setting out total expenditure on homeless services including those services provided through the non-government sector and private emergency accommodation are published on my Department’s website at the following link; www.housing.gov.ie/housing/homelessness/other/homelessness-data.

The National Quality Standards Framework (NQSF) for homeless services is in place nationally for local authority and NGO delivered services. The NQSF has been developed to ensure a consistent approach in how local authorities and service providers respond to the needs of those experiencing homelessness and to improve the quality of services provided. In general, the operation of emergency accommodation facilities is contracted out by local authorities, under service level agreements, to NGOs involved in the delivery of homeless services.

As a number of facilities are operated privately in the Dublin Region, the Dublin Regional Homeless Executive (DRHE) have adapted the NQSF standards in order to apply their provisions to private emergency accommodation. These standards are being applied to private emergency accommodation, with the owner / operator responsible for the physical standards and the visiting support teams responsible for the support and case management standards.

The Standards and Facilities Team in the DRHE oversee all emergency accommodation and seek to ensure that all relevant guidelines, policies and procedures are complied with in order to deliver a safe and comfortable place to stay for service users. The DRHE also has a regime in place to deal with complaints and to ensure accommodation is appropriate and safe. This includes engaging with homeless families and individuals on issues arising in their accommodation.

Question No. 695 answered with Question No. 694.
Question No. 696 answered with Question No. 694.

Housing Policy

Questions (697)

Seán Sherlock

Question:

697. Deputy Sean Sherlock asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage if he intends to bring in a rent to buy scheme for north Cork. [40721/22]

View answer

Written answers

Government is confident the funding and targeted schemes committed to under Housing for All will deliver a greater supply of homes and increase the access to purchasing affordable homes. Accordingly, there are no plans to introduce a new rent-to-buy scheme for North Cork or elsewhere at this time.

Increasing homeownership is a priority for Government. This is evident from the record €4 billion current and capital funding made available for housing in Budget 2022. This investment, a 20% increase on 2021, includes:

- €75 million to help deliver 750 Cost Rental homes (and a further 830 supplied by the Land Development Agency),

- €55 million to deliver 500 Affordable Purchase homes (for first-time buyers), and

- €250 million for lending under the enhanced Local Authority Home Loan (for first-time buyers).

The investment will also support an extension of the Help-to-Buy scheme and introduction of the First Home scheme (launched earlier this month).

Government is confident these schemes, alongside the Affordable Housing Act 2021, will deliver a much needed 54,000 affordable homes by 2030.

Housing Provision

Questions (698)

John McGuinness

Question:

698. Deputy John McGuinness asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage his estimated targets for cost rental homes for each of the years 2022 to 2025; and if he is confident that these targets will be met. [40729/22]

View answer

Written answers

The Government has acknowledged that many families are currently facing housing affordability issues in Ireland. To address this problem and as part of its Housing for All strategy, the Government has committed to the delivery of 10,000 Cost Rental homes by 2026 and a total of 18,000 Cost Rental homes by 2030, or an average of 2,000 homes per year, which will make a real difference for families experiencing affordability issues in Ireland.

Cost Rental is defined as housing in which tenants only pay rents to cover the costs of financing, managing, maintaining and delivering the property, rather than rents being subject to market driven movement.

Under Housing for All, it is planned to deliver State-supported Cost Rental primarily in three strands via Approved Housing Bodies (AHBs), Local Authorities, and the Land Development Agency (LDA). The Government has put in place a Cost Rental Equity Loan (CREL) scheme to assist AHBs with Cost Rental delivery and Local Authorities (LAs) can avail of support from the Affordable Housing Fund (AHF) to deliver Cost Rental units.

The main delivery of Cost Rental to date has been through AHBs using the CREL. The first 65 CREL-funded Cost Rental homes were tenanted in Ireland by the Clúid AHB in 2021, with 25 at Taylor Hill, Balbriggan and a further 40 at Barnhall Meadows, Leixlip, Co. Kildare. Both developments delivered cost-covering rents at least 40% below comparable open market prices.

Approval in principle has been confirmed for approximately 900 Cost Rental homes to be delivered by AHBs under the CREL scheme in the period to 2023. The Government has committed €70 million in CREL funding for this year and a further €75 million in CREL funding for 2023. CREL funds 30% of the cost of acquiring Cost Rental homes, with the remaining 70% also committed by the State through loans from the Housing Finance Agency. This commitment is given on a multi-annual basis in line with the Housing for All targets.

Local Authorities will play an important role in delivering Cost Rental within their areas. The central Exchequer funding through the AHF will help facilitate a Local Authority-led financing structure for Cost Rental. €60 million has been allocated to the Affordable Housing Fund (AHF) in 2022. For example, Dublin City Council has submitted an application for funding under the AHF for their site at Emmet Road, which is an important project for the development of the Cost Rental sector in Ireland. Current projections will see 582 homes delivered on this city centre site, 376 of which will be Cost Rental homes.

Furthermore, the LDA has committed to the delivery of large numbers of Cost Rental homes, both directly and in conjunction with Local Authorities. Under the LDA Act, equity funding of up to €1.25 billion will be made available to the LDA for the purposes of its activities through transfers from the Ireland Strategic Investment Fund (“ISIF”). The LDA will also have the ability to borrow up to €1.25 billion to fund these activities. Housing for All recognises that additional resourcing of approximately €3 billion, likely to be in the form of borrowing, will be required to meet the increased level of activities envisaged under the plan.

Details of the work that the LDA is progressing on public lands that will deliver Affordable Purchase and Cost Rental can be found here: lda.ie/projects-schemes/.

In addition to the public lands that the LDA is working on, Project Tosaigh is a market engagement initiative to unlock land with full planning permission that is not being developed by private sector owners due to financing and other constraints, and use it to accelerate the supply of affordable housing. The target under Project Tosaigh is the delivery of 5,000 new homes by 2026 for Cost Rental or sale to eligible households under affordable purchase arrangements.

The first strand of Project Tosaigh involved an expressions of interest (EOI) process, launched in November 2021, to engage builders and landowners in forward purchase agreements, with the intention of securing stock in certain developments in the shorter term. Details of all homes that will be made available under Project Tosaigh will be confirmed when commercial agreements are finalised. Full details of the initiative can be found here: lda.ie/home-building-partnership/.

As the Cost Rental model continues to be rolled out, it will provide long-term rental accommodation, with secure tenures, for thousands of renters. Cost Rental will also add certainty to the rental market and provide more options for people. It is also expected that the development of the Cost Rental sector will have an impact on the wider rental market, reducing rents over the longer term, as people within the target cohort will have more options available to them.

Housing Provision

Questions (699, 843)

Rose Conway-Walsh

Question:

699. Deputy Rose Conway-Walsh asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage the number of new-build social homes that were delivered in the first quarter of 2022 in County Mayo; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [40737/22]

View answer

Rose Conway-Walsh

Question:

843. Deputy Rose Conway-Walsh asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage if his attention has been drawn to the acute housing shortage in County Mayo; the steps that will be taken to address the issue in 2022; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [41892/22]

View answer

Written answers

I propose to take Questions Nos. 699 and 843 together.

Housing for All, is the Government’s plan to increase the supply of housing to an average of 33,000 per year over the next decade. Housing for All is supported by an investment package of over €4bn per annum, through an overall combination of €12bn in direct Exchequer funding, €3.5bn in funding through the Land Development Agency and €5bn funding through the Housing Finance Agency. Under Housing for All, the Government will deliver 47,600 new build social homes and 3,500 social homes through long-term leasing in the period 2022-2026. In September 2021, I issued social housing targets to each local authority for the period 2022-2026. For 2022, Mayo has a target to deliver 90 new build social homes.

My Department publishes comprehensive programme level statistics on a quarterly basis on social housing delivery activity. This data is available until the end of Quarter 1 2022 and is published on the statistics page of my Department’s website, at the following link: www.gov.ie/en/collection/6060e-overall-social-housing-provision/.

My Department also publishes the Social Housing Construction Status Report (CSR). The CSR provides details of social housing developments that have been completed, are under construction or are progressing through the various stages of the design and pre-tender process. The most recent publication was for Quarter 1 2022. The report shows that there are 321 new build social homes in County Mayo that are under construction or are progressing through the stages outlined. The report is available at the following link: www.gov.ie/en/publication/6912a-social-housing-construction-projects-status-report-q1-2022/.

A version of the CSR file can also be downloaded at the link below: Social Housing Construction Status Report Q1 2022 - Dataset - Dept of Housing, Local Government and Heritage

Housing Schemes

Questions (700)

Niall Collins

Question:

700. Deputy Niall Collins asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage the criteria to be used by local authorities in designating villages of population of less than 400 persons for a scheme; if a village (details supplied) can be designated; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [40769/22]

View answer

Written answers

On the 14 July, my Department launched the Croí Cónaithe (Towns) Fund. The fund is initially focused on supporting refurbishment of vacant homes in regional towns and villages. The Fund is being delivered by local authorities, and will provide new choices for people to live in towns and villages in Ireland, initially through the provision of a grant to support the refurbishment of vacant properties, with priority given to areas where the level of vacancy or dereliction is high.

A grant of up to a maximum of €30,000 will be available for the refurbishment of vacant properties for occupation as a principal private residence, including the conversion of a property which has not been used as residential heretofore. Where the refurbishment costs are expected to exceed the standard grant of up to €30,000, a maximum top-up grant amount of up to €20,000 will be available where the property is confirmed to be derelict, bringing the total grant available for a derelict property up to a maximum of €50,000.

As per the scheme outline, there are over 500 towns and villages in Ireland with a population of over 400 people. It is intended that the Crói Cónaithe Fund could potentially apply in all such towns, and also to some smaller villages, which may not be defined as towns or villages for the purposes of the CSO Census mapping of vacant homes but with sufficient provision of services and amenities and for example, be walkable to town/village centre along footpaths primarily. Each local authority should prioritise consideration of applications in town/village locations based on the following criteria:

- the overall levels of vacancy and dereliction within the town or village;

- alignment with policies of the relevant development plan including areas/objectives identified for regeneration;

- the role that the Fund might play as part of wider town regeneration particularly in the light of emerging Town Centre First Plans and integration with other committed regeneration funding.

Water Supply

Questions (701)

Holly Cairns

Question:

701. Deputy Holly Cairns asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage if he has had any discussions with Irish Water to address the current risk of drought. [40783/22]

View answer

Written answers

Irish Water has statutory responsibility for all aspects of public water services planning, delivery and operation at national, regional and local levels and are closely monitoring all water supplies for drought and is taking actions where necessary to maintain supply to any affected customers during this period of higher temperatures aligned with seasonal increases in demand.

Housing Schemes

Questions (702)

Thomas Gould

Question:

702. Deputy Thomas Gould asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage if he will clarify the situation whereby a person living for longer than six months in a cost-rental apartment requires the housing assistance payment and thus must apply for the social housing waiting list. [40811/22]

View answer

Written answers

Rather than being a social housing support, Cost Rental is a form of private tenancy and the target cohort is moderate-income households who face affordability challenges. The social housing sector already caters for a significant cohort of people and it is not intended that Cost Rental would overlap with, or replace, traditional social housing for low-income households, which remains a priority for the Government. By virtue of the fact that it has just been introduced in Ireland, Cost Rental is more limited in scale whilst as a new tenure option it represents a fundamentally different proposal to a social housing support.

Section 34 of the Affordable Housing Act 2021 specifies that Cost Rental tenants are entitled to avail of the Housing Assistance Payment (HAP). This is if they experience a sudden fall in income, are within the Local Authority qualifying thresholds for social housing, and if they have been availing of a current Cost Rental tenancy agreement over a continuous period for more than 6 months. This provision was designed in order to differentiate social housing from Cost Rental at the outset of a tenancy given the different cohorts at which they are targeted, but not to impinge on a tenant's entitlement to apply for the relevant housing support should their circumstances change during their tenancy.

As such, while all Cost Rental tenants must be able to prove to the relevant landlord at the outset of their tenancy that they can afford to pay the cost rent, in the event that a Cost Rental tenant experiences a sudden and unexpected loss of income, such as job loss for example, the validity of a Cost Rental tenancy is not effected, and they are able to apply for any State housing supports for which they are eligible as a result of this change in their circumstances, such as HAP or Rent Supplement.

In order to qualify for HAP, a household must first be assessed as eligible for social housing support. Applications for social housing support are assessed by the relevant Local Authority, in accordance with the eligibility and need criteria set down in section 20 of the Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2009 and the associated Social Housing Assessment Regulations 2011, as amended. Any household assessed as eligible for social housing support is immediately eligible for HAP.

Question No. 703 answered with Question No. 691.

Vacant Sites

Questions (704)

Thomas Gould

Question:

704. Deputy Thomas Gould asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage the total amount collected by local authority in vacant sites levies since the levy was established. [40813/22]

View answer

Written answers

Under the vacant site levy provisions in the Urban Regeneration and Housing Act 2015 (the Act), planning authorities were empowered to apply a vacant site levy of 3% of the market valuation of relevant properties which were listed on local authority vacant site registers in 2018, which relevant owners were liable to pay in January 2019. The rate of the levy increased to 7% for sites listed on local authority vacant sites registers from 2019 onwards which site owners became liable to pay in January of the following year.

The most recent data available in relation to the collection of the levy is based on returns submitted to my Department further to the issuing of Circular Letter PL 03/2022 on 25 March 2022 requesting the submission of a progress report on the implementation and collection of the levy by each local authority. This information is provided in the attached Table.

It should be noted that under section 19 of the Act, unpaid levies due remain a charge on the land in question until they are paid. My Department will continue to engage proactively with local authorities to ensure that all vacant site levies due are paid and that the measure can achieve its full potential.

Vacant Site Levy

Flood Risk Management

Questions (705)

Thomas Gould

Question:

705. Deputy Thomas Gould asked the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage to request an update from Cork City Council and the OPW on the status of plans for the Ballincollig Weir. [40820/22]

View answer

Written answers

My Department has no involvement with the plans regarding the Ballincollig Weir.

Any plans relating to the Weir are a matter for Cork City Council and the Office of Public Works.

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