I propose to take Questions Nos. 30, 39 and 98 together. The survey in question was one referred to by me when addressing the Association of Remedial Teachers of Ireland conference in September, 1993. It involved a national sample of fifth class and 11-year old pupils and was carried out in 1988.
The results of this survey showed that no significant changes in average levels of reading attainment had taken place since 1980. Comparisons between the 1988 survey and a survey which was carried out in 1972 indicated that reading standards of primary cycle pupils improved by approximately eight months in terms of reading age during the intervening period.
The national surveys suggest, therefore, that there has been some improvement since the early seventies. While these are largely in line with European standards, that is not to say that I am fully satisfied with the level of improvement that has taken place.