Liz McManus
Question:109 Ms McManus asked the Minister for Transport, Energy and Communications the extent of radon gas in the country; its effect on the health of householders; and if he will make a statement on the matter.
Written Answers. - Radon Gas.
The Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland (RPII) is the National Authority with responsibility for undertaking measurements of the naturally-occurring radioactive gas, radon. The average radon concentration in Irish houses is about 60 becquerels per cubic metre (Bq/m³) compared with typical outdoor values of about 5 Bq/m³. Surveys to date indicate that about 4 per cent of houses in Ireland have radon concentrations above the Reference Level of 200 Bq/m³. This is the radon concentration level above which remedial measures should be considered. While houses with high radon levels are found throughout the country, there is evidence of a greater incidence of such houses in the west of Ireland.
During 1992 a geographically-based national survey, which will run over several years, was initated by the RPII. Radon measurements will be made in over 6,000 homes nationwide and statistical evaluation of the results will allow the percentage of houses above the 200 Bq/m³ Reference Level in each national grid square to be predicted. All measurements are for a twelve month period and, once completed, will identify any areas at particular risk from indoor radon and allow Planning Authorities to consider what actions might be desirable to limit radon accumulation in new buildings.
The RPII also offers a radon measurement service for homes at a cost of £15 per house. Measurements are also taken, on request, in workplaces and schools. The risk associated with exposure to high radon levels is regularly higlighted by the Institute in its reports and press statements.
Longterm exposure to high radon levels can lead to an increased risk of contracting lung cancer. Based on current knowledge, it is estimated that lifetime risk of contracting fatal lung cancer as a consequence of exposure to a radon concentration of 200 Bq/m³ ia about 2 per cent or 2 in 100. In Ireland the underlying lifetime risk of contracting fatal lung cancer is about 3 per cent or 3 in 100. When combined with the additional risk from radon exposure at 200 Bq/m³ this results in a 5 per cent lifetime risk or 5 in 100. For smokers, the risk is likely to be considerably greater than this, while for a person who has never smoked the risk may be lower.