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Wednesday, 21 Oct 2015

Written Answers Nos. 30-42

Child Care Services Funding

Questions (30)

Joan Collins

Question:

30. Deputy Joan Collins asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs his views on the report of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development which states that child care costs in Ireland are the highest in the European Union, at 35% of income spent here compared with 12% of income on average in the European Union; his views on the report's indication that 0.2% of Ireland's gross domestic product is invested in the child care sector and support services; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [35535/15]

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Written answers

Funding of more than a quarter of a billion euro is invested annually by my Department in early years services. This funding, which is in addition to the direct support provided to all parents in the form of Child Benefit, supports more than 100,000 children each year. This high level of investment has been maintained despite the difficult budgetary situation that prevailed in recent years.

The figure of 0.2 per cent of GDP quoted by the Deputy only represents my Department's spend on the free pre-school year provided under the Early Childhood Care and Education programme, amounting to €175 million. This figure does not include my Department's expenditure on the Community Childcare Subvention programme and the Training and Education Childcare Programmes, which amounts to an additional €70 million per year.

Further, the OECD, in drawing international comparisons on public expenditure on early years services, adjust for cross-national differences in the compulsory age of entry into primary school. Therefore, for countries where children enter school at age 5, such as Ireland, expenditure on early years services is adjusted by adding up the expenditure corresponding to children aged 5 who are enrolled in primary school. When Ireland's expenditure is adjusted in this way, the OECD reports that Ireland actually spends 0.5% of GDP on early years services compared to the OECD average of 0.8% of GDP.

In Budget 2016, I announced a further investment of €85 million, which will provide for a number of new initiatives in the area of early years and after-school childcare. This additional funding increases this Government spending on childcare by a 33%. When full year costs of these new initiatives are taken into account, Ireland's expenditure on early years services will increase by approximately 0.1% of GDP, taking Ireland closer to the average OECD investment.

Child Protection

Questions (31)

Bernard Durkan

Question:

31. Deputy Bernard J. Durkan asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs the extent to which he foresees the possibility of addressing the underlying issues contributing to child poverty or affecting child welfare and-or abuse; if he expects to see opportunities to address these issues in the short and medium term; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [35493/15]

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Written answers

Better Outcomes Brighter Futures: The National Policy Framework for Children and Young People 2014-2020, represents a whole of Government approach to improving the lives of children and young people. The Policy Framework contains five national outcomes for children and young people, and further details 163 policy commitments relating to children and young people to be progressed. Primary responsibility for delivery of Better Outcomes, Brighter Futures cuts across the Department of Health, the Department of Education and Skills, the Department of Social Protection, the Department of the Environment, Community and Local Government and my Department.

In my own Department a number of areas support the Government’s response to child poverty. My Department invests €260 million annually in early childhood care and education and after-school support programmes which provide care and education to 100,000 children. A number of these programmes are targeted at those on lowest incomes. In addition, in early 2015 I established an Inter-Departmental Group on Future Investment in Early Years and After-School Care and Education. The work of the group was focused on identifying policy objectives to guide future investment in this area, and its report was published in July 2015. My Department is also leading the implementation of the Area Based Childhood (ABC) Programme (2013-2017) co-funded with The Atlantic Philanthropies with a total funding allocation of up to €29.7 million. The ABC Programme draws on best international practice to break the cycle of child poverty where it is most deeply entrenched, and to improve the outcomes for children and young people. My Department also provides targeted supports for disadvantaged, marginalised and at-risk young people, through a range of schemes with funding totalling €49.93 million.

Tusla, the Child and Family Agency, has a significant role in the areas of child protection, early intervention and family support. It also has responsibility for ensuring that every child in the State attends school or otherwise receives an education, and for providing education welfare services to support and monitor children's attendance, participation and retention in education. Central to its role is that of strengthening interagency co-operation to ensure the seamless provision of services. Funding for the Agency is provided by my Department, which engages with Tusla on an ongoing basis on the aforementioned.

The purpose of the recently published National Youth Strategy 2015-2020 is to enable all young people aged 10 to 24 to realise their maximum potential with regard to the five national outcomes in Better Outcomes, Brighter Futures. It is a universal strategy for all young people, with a particular focus on the needs of young people experiencing, or at risk of experiencing the poorest outcomes. The Strategy uses the same cross-Government implementation infrastructure as Better Outcomes, Brighter Futures.

The Children First Bill, 2014, which will put elements of the Children First: National Guidance for the Protection and Welfare of Children (2011) on a statutory footing is currently progressing through the Dáil. Certain persons, who are mandated persons under the Bill, will be required by the legislation to report child welfare and protection concerns to Tusla, in addition to any disclosures of harm made to the mandated person by a child. Such processes are likely to have a positive effect on the process of assessment of risk by the Agency. The Bill also provides that organisations providing services to children will have to consider the potential for risk to children availing of their services and demonstrate awareness and good practice in Child Safeguarding Statements which will be available to parents and the public generally.

Much of the above is aimed at generating awareness of, and responses to, the sorts of underlying issues which, if allowed to go unchecked, can have negative impacts on a child or young person.

Homeless Persons Data

Questions (32)

Ruth Coppinger

Question:

32. Deputy Ruth Coppinger asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs the number of homeless children; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [36428/15]

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Written answers

Policy responsibility for children who present as out of home without their parent(s) or guardian(s) relates to children under 18 and any related child welfare and protection concern that may arise in the context of the Child Care Act 1991. Children under 16 who present as out of home to emergency services are taken into care. Children aged 16 and 17 may be taken into care, or provided with a service under section 5 of the Child Care Act 1991.

The Review of Adequacy is the annual report compiled and published by the HSE (now Tusla) which reviews the adequacy of the child and family services provided as required under section 8 of the Child Care Act 1991. According to figures from the recently published Review of Adequacy 2013, there were 1,055 children aged 16 and 17 in care on the 31st of December 2013. On the same date 17 children aged 16 and 17 years old were accommodated under section 5 of the Act. In such circumstances, these children are provided with the same supports and safeguards as children in care. In some instances, they may not wish to be taken into care and will take up services only on the basis of receiving support under section 5 of the Act.

The accommodation needs of children who are in the care of their parents where the family is homeless are the responsibility of the Department of the Environment, Community and Local Government and local authorities.

In cases where there are welfare or protection concerns in relation to children in families presenting as homeless, the reporting of such concerns to the Child and Family Agency is governed by Children First: National Guidance for the Protection and Welfare of Children (2011). This national policy sets out the non-statutory child protection requirements which are in place for all sectors of society. The Children First Bill 2014, which is currently progressing through the Oireachtas, will place key elements of the Children First National Guidance on a statutory basis once it is enacted and commenced. In parallel to the legislative process, the existing Children First National Guidance is currently being revised and updated.

A child can only be received into the care of the Child and Family Agency where there are welfare or protection concerns. When there is no child welfare and protection concern, the role of Tusla, the Child and Family Agency, is to provide family support, in the same way as it does for families in the general community. Where circumstances permit, Tusla can assist families by way of guidance and parenting supports through its family support services. Where Tusla identifies underlying problems, for example mental health issues, it can refer the family to the appropriate services. Tusla has had meetings with Focus Ireland, the Department of Social Protection and Dublin City Council in relation to vulnerable families and it is intended to develop a multi-agency protocol to clarify responsibilities with regard to homelessness.

Child and Family Agency Expenditure

Questions (33)

Mattie McGrath

Question:

33. Deputy Mattie McGrath asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs the legal costs for guardians ad litem, as appointed by the courts under the Child Care Act 1991, from 2011 to 2015; the progress in reforming the guardian ad litem process; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [35329/15]

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Written answers

As I have stated previously, I believe there is a clear need to radically reform the operation and management of guardian ad litem services, which are currently provided on an ad hoc and unregulated basis. The issue of reform is a legacy which my Department is actively engaged in addressing.

Under the Child Care Act, 1991, as amended, guardians ad litem are appointed by the Courts. The Child and Family Agency, which was established on 1st January 2014, has statutory responsibility for payment of any costs incurred by a person who has been appointed by a court to act as a guardian ad litem under that Act. Prior to 2014, the Health Service Executive had responsibility for payments incurred by guardians ad litem.

Legal costs incurred by guardians ad litem for 2014 totalled €7,457,717.97, which is composed of €6,017,312.06 in respect of Solicitors fees and €1,440,405.91 in respect of Counsel fees.

Legal costs for guardians ad litem from January to August 2015 totalled €3,702,965.16, which is composed of €2,992,274.86 in respect of Solicitors fees and €710,690.30 in respect of Counsel fees. These are the latest figures currently available for 2015.

In respect of data regarding legal costs for 2011, 2012 and 2013, the Child and Family Agency has been requested to issue a reply directly to the Deputy. As already indicated, such expenditure in the period in question was the responsibility of the Health Service Executive and it may be necessary for the Agency to contact the Executive regarding the matter.

In relation to progress on arrangements for an extensive overhaul of legislation and of the operation of guardian ad litem services, my Department issued a detailed Consultation Paper to stakeholder interests in the matter during last week. The Paper has also been made available on my Department’s website. The responses to this paper, which have been sought by 2nd November 2015, will be evaluated to inform the preparation of policy proposals for my consideration with a view to submitting the matter to Government.

The matter of legal advice and representation for guardians ad litem is among the areas for reform that are set out in the Consultation Paper.

Child Care Costs

Questions (34)

Helen McEntee

Question:

34. Deputy Helen McEntee asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs his views on the burden of child care costs borne by parents of young children in commuter communities, such as in counties Kildare, Louth, Meath, Wicklow, etc, whose child care requirements are extended by the length of time it takes to commute from home to work in Dublin city; if he will update Dáil Éireann on the Government's plans to support such parents, who are playing a central role in Irish economic recovery; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [35334/15]

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Written answers

I am aware of the relatively high cost to parents of childcare in this country and of the difficulties that this presents, particularly where both parents are in employment outside of the home. I accept that these costs impact to a greater extent on parents who have to leave their children for longer periods of time in childcare services.

Prior to Budget 2016, my Department provided funding of more than a quarter of a billion euro annually to support the implementation of a number of childcare support programmes that assist parents in accessing quality childcare. This funding, which is in addition to the direct support provided to all parents in the form of Child Benefit, supports more than 100,000 children each year. The childcare programmes include the Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) programme, the Community Childcare Subvention (CCS) programme which provides funding to community childcare services to support disadvantaged or low income families, and a number of programmes that support parents returning to work or availing of education or training opportunities.

In Budget 2016, I announced an €85 million package of additional investment for childcare. This includes funding for:

- An extension to the ECCE programme from September 2016 so that children can enrol in the ECCE programme at age three and continue in the programme until they make the transition to primary school. This will reduce childcare costs by an additional €1,500 and will increase the current 38 weeks of free pre-school provision by an average of 23 weeks, and up to 61 weeks depending on the child's date of birth and the age at which they subsequently start primary school.

- A suite of supports to help children with a disability to participate fully in the ECCE programme. This delivers on my commitment to address these children’s particular needs in mainstream pre-school settings.

- 8,000 extra places in 2016 under the CCS programme to help low income and disadvantaged families access quality childcare. These 8,000 places are in addition to a further 5,000 CCS places I announced recently with savings achieved in 2015.

- A range of measures to improve the quality of early years and school-aged childcare, including an audit of quality; an extended Learner Fund to support professionalisation of the sector; and an enhanced inspection regime.

The additional funding announced as part of Budget 2016 will also provide for a range of measures to improve the provision of after-school childcare, including a once-off minor capital fund to develop after-school services.

Child Poverty

Questions (35)

Catherine Murphy

Question:

35. Deputy Catherine Murphy asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs the extent to which his Department co-operates with other Departments and State agencies to ensure the best outcomes for tackling child poverty rates, where indicators are showing no improvements in recent years despite the abatement of the worst of the economic crisis; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [35514/15]

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Written answers

Better Outcomes, Brighter Futures: the National Policy Framework for Children and Young People 2014-2020, was published and launched by Government in 2014. It provides the overarching framework for the development and implementation of policy and services for children and young people. This is a whole of government framework, implementation of which is overseen by my Department.

Better Outcomes, Brighter Futures set out a target of lifting over 70,000 children out of consistent poverty by 2020, a reduction of at least two-thirds on the 2011 level. Following on from this commitment, the Department of Social Protection have identified child poverty as a cross-sectoral priority action. The Department of Social Protection have the lead role in coordinating government strategies on child poverty and are the Sponsor of outcome 4 of Better Outcomes, Brighter Futures - economic security and opportunity. The Department of Social Protection also has lead responsibility for the National Action Plan for Social Inclusion.

To assist in this, the Advisory Council for Better Outcomes, Brighter Futures and the Department of Social Protection have co-convened a subgroup with officials from other relevant Departments to progress solutions to the issue of child poverty. This group held its first meeting in September 2015, and two more are anticipated in the near future.

My Department continues to work closely with the Department of Social Protection supporting this mutli-dimensional approach to child poverty. There are also a number of areas of focus that support our response to child poverty within my Department. My Department invests €260 million annually on early childhood care and education and after-school support programmes which provide care to 100,000 children. A number of these programmes are targeted at those on lowest incomes. In addition in early 2015, I established an Inter-Departmental Group on Future Investment in Early Years and After-School Care and Education. The work of the group was focused on identifying policy objectives to guide future investment in this area. This report was published in July 2015.

My Department is also leading the implementation of the Area Based Childhood (ABC) Programme (2013-2017). The ABC Programme is co-funded by my Department and The Atlantic Philanthropies and will have a total funding allocation of up to €29.7 million. The ABC Programme draws on best international practice to break the cycle of child poverty where it is most deeply entrenched, and improve the outcomes for children and young people and existing services. It is overseen by an interdepartmental project team.

My Department also provides targeted support for disadvantaged, marginalised and at risk young people are provided through a range of schemes totalling €49.93m of funding. The purpose recently published National Youth Strategy 2015 - 2020 is to enable all young people aged 10 to 24 to realise their maximum potential with regard to the five national outcomes in Better Outcomes, Brighter Future. It is a universal strategy for all young people. It has a particular focus on the needs of young people experiencing, or at risk of experiencing the poorest outcomes.

Finally, as part of my Department's response, Tusla, the Child and Family Agency is also responsible for the delivery of a range of services focusing on the welfare, protection and support for children, young people and their families which are key to supporting outcomes which assist in actively mitigating the impact of child poverty.

Special Educational Needs Service Provision

Questions (36)

Mick Wallace

Question:

36. Deputy Mick Wallace asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs the measures his Department has in place to facilitate the inclusion of children with special needs in mainstream preschool settings; the additional supports for this that were introduced in the budget; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [35418/15]

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Written answers

I am committed to ensuring that all children have the opportunity to participate in, and benefit from, the Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) programme.

I have been conscious for some time of the difficulty experienced by some children with a disability in accessing and benefiting fully from the ECCE programme. With this in mind, my Department and the Departments of Education and Skills, and Health worked together with their respective agencies to develop and cost a new model of ECCE supports for children with a disability. My Department led the process, with full and active support from the other two sectors.

I was very pleased to announce, as part of Budget 2016, the necessary funding to implement the model proposed by the Group. The new model will bring supports including enhanced continuing professional development for early years practitioners; grants for equipment, appliances and minor alterations; and access to therapeutic intervention. I have provided funding of €15m to phase these supports in during 2016. Full year costs for these supports are estimated to be €33m from 2017 onwards.

I believe that the work of this Group has identified a practical, workable model for meeting the needs of children with a disability, so as to maximise their potential for benefiting from the ECCE programme. The allocation of €15m funding is clear evidence of the Government's commitment to supporting vulnerable children.

Child Protection Services Provision

Questions (37)

Thomas P. Broughan

Question:

37. Deputy Thomas P. Broughan asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs the current number of cases where a social worker has not been allocated; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [35330/15]

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Written answers

An open case is one which is assessed as needing a dedicated (allocated) social work service. Of the total number of open cases at end July, some 20,118 had an allocated social worker and 7,209 were waiting to be allocated a social worker. A case refers to an individual child. There could be several cases opened when a family is referred. The number of cases waiting to be allocated a social worker is an issue that is being addressed by Tusla, the Child and Family Agency. The priority or category of high, medium or low given to the case after a preliminary enquiry, is based on information received on the case. It is important to note that "high priority" should not simply be equated with risk. Social work duty teams keep high priority cases under review by regular checking to ascertain risk to the child, and where necessary will reprioritise the case.

I wish to assure the Deputy that Tusla deals immediately with emergency cases, including for instance, if a child has been abandoned or is in immediate physical danger or at immediate risk of sexual abuse.

It should be noted that those cases awaiting allocation are responded to by a duty team on a risk management basis. Where a child does not have an allocated social worker assigned to their case there is a system of oversight by social workers to ensure that any change in the child's circumstances is addressed.

The additional funding of €38 million which I have secured for Tusla in 2016 will provide increased resources to meet identified risks and service demands.

Child Protection Services Provision

Questions (38)

Sandra McLellan

Question:

38. Deputy Sandra McLellan asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs the measures being put in place to reduce children-to-social worker ratios. [35507/15]

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Written answers

The 2016 gross funding allocation under Budget 2016 for the provision of services under Vote 40 includes an allocation of €676 million for Tusla, representing an increase of €38 million over the 2015 allocation. This includes €662.4 million in current expenditure and €13.6 million in capital expenditure. The additional resources are intended to alleviate service pressures in child welfare and protection services, in particular pressures being faced in the areas of unallocated cases, private residential and foster care and Domestic Sexual and Gender Based Violence Strategy. This level of provision addresses all of the key priorities identified by Tusla and considered to be achievable in 2016. Arising from Budget 2016 and in accordance with the Agency's establishing legislation, my Department will be issuing a detailed Performance Statement to inform the preparation of Tusla's Business Plan for 2016.

Earlier this year, I requested a national review of cases awaiting allocation of a social worker, which was carried out by Tusla. The findings from this report showed an inability of the service to undertake necessary assessments and deliver required interventions. It showed that a significant number of open cases that were waiting the allocation of a social worker might be diverted to other services and family supports, and this was not being assessed early enough. It also indicated that resources were being diverted from the care infrastructure of foster carer recruitment and family support. The review highlighted that administrative supports could help social workers to deliver assessments and interventions more efficiently.

Tusla is already implementing a national caseload management system which allows management to monitor caseloads in terms of both number and complexity. It is recognised that, from time to time, individual cases can occupy a disproportionate amount of resources. The caseload management system gives managers a clearer insight into the pressures on staff. My Department continues to monitor the number of cases that are reported as awaiting the allocation of a social worker. The additional staff coming on board and the caseload management system will make an improvement in these figures.

With legislation on Children First progressing and an Aftercare Bill to be published shortly, the funding I have secured for Tusla in Budget 2016 has provided a solid platform to consolidate its reforms and provide a targeted and efficient child welfare and protection service to the children and families of this country.

Child and Family Agency Funding

Questions (39)

Joan Collins

Question:

39. Deputy Joan Collins asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs his views on the serious funding crisis in Tusla, the Child and Family Agency, whereby 5,000 children, some at significant risk, are awaiting allocation of a social worker, with some children being left at risk of serious harm according to a briefing document from the agency's chief executive; how his Department is addressing this serious crisis; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [35512/15]

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Written answers

The Tusla 2016 Estimates business case identified a requirement of €137 million over a three year period. This included a request for additional capital funding of €11.5million.

I was pleased to be able to allocate significant extra resources to Tusla for 2016. The overall level of funding that I have provided will significantly strengthen Tusla's base funding level and will give the Agency greater capacity to respond to current risk and anticipated demand, addressing areas of currently unmet need during 2016. The 2016 gross funding allocation under Budget 2016 includes an allocation of €676 million for Tusla, representing an increase of €38 million over the 2015 allocation. This includes €662.4 million in current expenditure and €13.6 million in capital expenditure.

The additional resources are intended to alleviate service pressures in child welfare and protection services, in particular pressures being faced in the areas of unallocated cases, private residential and foster care and Domestic Sexual and Gender Based Violence Strategy. In addition my Department expects to provide supplementary funding of approximately €20.7m to Tusla in 2015.

This level of provision addresses all of the key priorities identified by Tusla and considered to be achievable in 2016. The funding provision will give rise to a substantial recruitment programme involving up to 400 additional staff next year.

In accordance with the Agency's establishing legislation, my Department will be issuing a detailed Performance Statement to inform the preparation of Tusla's Business Plan for 2016. This Statement will set out the key priorities that I will require of Tusla in the coming year. I am very pleased that having asked Tusla for a detailed business case setting out the basis for seeking additional resources in 2016, I have been able to provide significant extra funding that will strengthen there funding base and secure the delivery of quality services.

Child and Family Agency Staff

Questions (40)

Denis Naughten

Question:

40. Deputy Denis Naughten asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs the steps he will take to appoint additional front-line staff to Tusla, the Child and Family Agency, services in counties Roscommon and Galway; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [35526/15]

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Written answers

Budget 2016 marks significant progress in providing Tusla with increased resources to address identified risks and meet service demands. Funding of over €676 million will be made available which is an increase of €38 million over their 2015 allocation. This level of funding includes targeted funding to address the findings of a recent national audit of child welfare and protection cases awaiting allocation to a social worker. Providing an effective response to this critical issue has been a high priority for me. Vulnerable children and young people need an allocated social worker so that their needs can be properly assessed and addressed. For the first time, we are putting in place a consistent approach to responding to children at risk.

At the end of August 2015, there were 1,362 whole time equivalent social work posts employed by Tusla, representing 40% of the total workforce. Tusla has identified a requirement for significant additional resources over a three year period and they are currently recruiting 277 staff to be in place by the end of 2015. 218 of these relate to social work posts with a further 18 relating to other front line services such as social care workers; family support workers and psychology and counselling. I am advised that this includes five social work posts relating to the Galway and Roscommon areas and that two of these posts have been accepted with starting dates agreed.

Further recruitment drives will be taking place and Tusla has advised that they are planning to recruit approximately 400 additional staff in 2016. The allocation of these staff across areas and regions is an operational matter for the Agency to decide upon.

Special Educational Needs Service Provision

Questions (41)

Robert Troy

Question:

41. Deputy Robert Troy asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs his views on the annual Pobal early years sector survey which found that children with special educational needs face a huge challenge in participating in preschool education due to the reduction in the number of special needs assistant hours per child care provider during the reporting period, which was 2014; the solutions he will put in place to enhance access for children with disabilities or special education needs to mainstream child care; and if he will make a statement on the matter. [35533/15]

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Written answers

I am committed to ensuring that all children have the opportunity to participate in, and benefit from, the Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) programme.

I have been conscious for some time of the difficulty experienced by some children with a disability in accessing and benefiting fully from the ECCE programme. With this in mind, my Department and the Departments of Education and Skills, and Health worked together with their respective agencies to develop and cost a new model of ECCE supports for children with a disability. My Department led the process, with full and active support from the other two sectors.

I was very pleased to announce, as part of Budget 2016, the necessary funding to implement the model proposed by the Group. The new model will bring supports including enhanced continuing professional development for early years practitioners; grants for equipment, appliances and minor alterations; and access to therapeutic intervention. I have provided funding of €15m to phase these supports in during 2016. Full year costs for these supports are estimated to be €33m from 2017 onwards.

I believe that the work of this Group has identified a practical, workable model for meeting the needs of children with a disability, so as to maximise their potential for benefiting from the ECCE programme. The allocation of €15m funding is clear evidence of the Government's commitment to supporting vulnerable children.

Residential Institutions

Questions (42)

Clare Daly

Question:

42. Deputy Clare Daly asked the Minister for Children and Youth Affairs the steps he has taken to investigate recent reports of inappropriate seclusion of children in a residential care facility (details supplied) in County Dublin; and his plans to safeguard against inappropriate seclusion and restraint, physical and chemical, in the future, in all residences for children. [35327/15]

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Written answers

The Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) carried out an unannounced inspection of Ballydowd Special Care Unit in July of this year following receipt of a concern relating to the practice of single separation. The inspection report was published on 31st August 2015. In Ballydowd Special Care Unit, single separation means the removal of a child to a separate locked room for as short a period as possible during times of challenging behaviour which poses a significant risk to themselves or others.

The inspection report indicated that decisions to initiate single separation generally complied with national guidance and that children's Guardians ad Litem and social workers were informed when they took place. However, it found that the practice was used for excessive lengths of time in a small number of cases, record keeping and notification to senior management was inadequate and there was a poor response to complaints made by children regarding the events.

Following on from the inspection, HIQA requested Tusla to undertake an immediate review of single separation that lasted for excessive periods of time. The findings have led to a change in authorisation of single separation to ensure it is for the shortest time necessary and also improved recording and information sharing. Incidents of single separation that are longer than three hours are to be escalated to senior management and improvements have also been put in place to have single separation in Special Care reviewed as part of the national significant event notification system.

Restrictive practices and children's rights have been placed as a standing item for meetings regarding Special Care. An action plan, approved by HIQA, to address the standards identified as "requiring improvement" and "at significant risk" was published with the report. It noted that the majority of the actions had been implemented at the time of publication. The remainder were due to be completed by the end of Q4 2015.

Other actions that have taken place include the purchase of fire & ligature proof mattresses and blankets which will be available in Safe Rooms at all times. The definitions and permissions in relation to Restrictive Practices have been clarified and limits and governance have been imposed on the use of single separation. Actions in progress include improvements in the recording and reporting processes, and a dedicated Challenge Response team is to be developed to improve resilience and provide assistance within Special Care teams. A Review is also to be undertaken of international best practice relating to restrictive practices and the design of dedicated accommodation.

I have also been informed that Tusla has implemented an improved governance system across all Special Care centres including a ‘real time’ decision notification and improvement system in respect of restrictive practices. The overall governance of this system is at senior management level.

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