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Seanad Éireann díospóireacht -
Wednesday, 18 Nov 1998

Vol. 157 No. 4

Graduate Diploma in Education.

I am raising my concerns about the duration of the post-graduate course in primary education in the context of the current scarcity of primary teachers and the fact that all panels are exhausted. A recent advertisement for primary teachers in my county was responded to by only one applicant — which has also happened in other counties — and that applicant was unsuitable for reasons which I will not go into but he or she had recently been made redundant. The place had to be given to that person as there were no other applicants but he or she withdrew a week or two later because he or she was totally unsuitable.

I am not criticising the post-graduate course in primary education, which is excellent — it was described to me as a Rolls Royce course. However, it takes 18 months for a post-graduate student to complete this course. The equivalent course in Wales and England takes only 12 months to complete. I have been told by education experts that ours is an excellent course. However, I am asking, in view of the urgent shortage of primary teachers, for the course to be changed so that post-graduates would spend the first 12 months of the course in college and then begin to teach while completing the last six months of the course either on a modular basis or at weekends. If that were done we could have the first batch of post-graduate students with teaching qualifications into our primary schools next September, which would help alleviate the chronic shortage of primary teachers.

It takes graduates with a BA degree and a Higher Diploma in Education only one year to qualify to move from secondary to primary teaching. They have already acquired many of the skills necessary for teaching as they have spent time in the classroom. This is an urgent matter. Students of this post-graduate course in primary education must be allowed into the classroom next September.

I need not give the Minister a litany of the difficulties experienced trying to fill primary teacher vacancies in every county. A Wexford primary school advertised for a teacher in the past few weeks and received three replies. Only one applicant turned up for the interview but he or she did not accept the job.

There are no qualified primary teachers available to take up jobs in our classrooms at the moment. As a result, some quite unsuitable people who are not sufficiently qualified are teaching. I ask the Minister to ensure that post-graduates are released into the classroom after they have completed the first 12 months of their course. They can complete the last six months of the course at weekends or on a modular basis. That is the only way to resolve the scarcity.

I have concerns about the way Northern Ireland teachers are allowed to teach in our primary schools. I know the Irish qualification must be taken in three years but that needs to be looked at. Our youngsters need only to leave our primary schools with good conversational Irish and a love of their language and culture. We must examine the Irish qualification we are insisting on for non-nationals teaching in our primary schools and ensure we are doing what is right by our children. I would rather have a well qualified teacher from Northern Ireland teaching my children than an unqualified, unsuitable person from the Twenty-Six counties teaching them just because they have a smattering of Irish — or had a smattering when they qualified 20 or 30 years ago. We are employing unsuitable people because of the scarcity of primary teachers rather than taking suitable people who trained North of the Border, in England or elsewhere. Let us get the right person into the classroom by allowing post-graduates to teach after they have completed the first 12 months of their course.

On behalf of my colleague, the Minister, Deputy Martin, I wish to thank Senator Doyle for raising the question of the duration of the Graduate Diploma in Education (Primary Teaching). I welcome the opportunity this evening to clarify the position in relation to the duration of this course.

The Graduate Diploma in Education (Primary Teaching) is a professional diploma course which is designed to allow individuals, already having graduate status, to qualify to teach in primary schools. The course is organised in four colleges of education — St. Patrick's College, Drumcondra; Mary Immaculate College, Limerick; St. Mary's College, Marino and the Froebel College, Sion Hill. The duration of the course is normally 45 weeks, spread over a year and a half. As the aim of the course is to qualify students to teach in primary schools, its content must be comparable to the professional and education components of the Bachelor of Education degree. Anything less would be insufficient to equip students with the theoretical, professional and practical knowledge and skills to enable them to teach effectively at primary level.

Given the structure of primary education provision, the teacher is required to have a mastery and competence in all the curriculum areas of the primary school. The curriculum for primary schools has broadened extensively in recent years as new important areas became of interest, such as social, personal and health education relationships and sexuality education and science. The work on the revision of the curriculum for primary schools has been completed.

Existing teachers and teachers in training must have a deep understanding and knowledge of the entire curriculum as all primary teachers are generalist teachers and may be required to teach all aspects of the curriculum at any level of the primary school and to pupils ranging in age from four to 12 years and of mixed abilities. This calls for very significant learning on the part of all student teachers.

In the Graduate Diploma in Education (Primary Teaching) course, students must acquire competence in teaching all the primary school curriculum. This includes mathematics, Gaeilge, English language, reading and writing, arts education, which consists of drama, music and the visual arts, social, personal and health education, social, environmental and scientific education, which consists of history, geography and science, and physical education. It is obvious that all this requires considerable time for students to become familiar with the details of this very broad curriculum and to master the required teaching approaches.

In addition, all student teachers must acquire a deep understanding and knowledge of the educators' knowledge base. This is acquired through the study of the history of education, the philosophy and sociology of education and psychology — particularly developmental and educational psychology.

There are also several new competencies which the student must acquire. Students must acquire knowledge of, and skills in, special education and working with pupils with special needs, assessment, testing and evaluation, and in information and communication technologies. All these areas are becoming of increasing importance to teachers and must be introduced to students as part of their training. This requires a generous allocation of time.

In order to acquire this vast range of knowledge, understanding and skills, students following the Bachelor of Education three year degree course have roughly 900 lectures in the education component of their course. This is a significant lecture load. There are, of course, many tutorials to attend also, and assignments and projects to be completed. The students studying for the Graduate Diploma in Education (Primary Teaching) must acquire the same range of knowledge, understanding and skills in their course if they are to be adequately equipped for their careers in primary education. This cannot be achieved in less than the length of the existing course.

I would also point out that students need extensive teaching practice which is supervised and monitored. In this area of training especially, there must be comparability with the training in teaching which Bachelor of Education Degree students obtain at all levels of the primary school. Approximately 16 weeks of teaching practice is required and this could not be completed in one year.

It should be done after 12 months as I suggested.

Two further factors must be taken into account. One is that for primary teaching in Ireland, competence in Irish is required. For this reason, all student teachers must study Irish.

In addition, as schools in Ireland are predominantly denominational, students also complete a course to equip them to teach religion. These two requirements are not necessary in Britain or Northern Ireland and, of course, they add to the content of courses in the colleges of education here.

It is the view of the authorities in these colleges that the content of this course is so wide that it could not be reasonably covered in one year.

At meetings with departmental officials, the college authorities have repeatedly argued that the present length is the minimum acceptable.

To enable what is clearly a very extensive course to be provided and in order to safeguard the quality of the course, an 18 month course was agreed by the Department. Nothing less is acceptable or feasible.

The problem with prepared scripts is they often fail to address the exact point being made. That is not the Minister's concern; I understand he is doing a courtesy by being here tonight. I agree we need an 18 month course. However, after 12 months the students should be allowed into the classroom. That would encompass the teaching experience referred to in the Minister's reply. They could then continue the course one or two weekends per month and two or three months during the summer until they complete the balance of the six months. In that way, we would have a cadre of teachers to come into our primary schools where they are urgently needed.

I will advise the Minister of the Senator's concerns but it is important to remember that the teaching must be supervised.

With respect, the students would be more suitable than some of the people we are obliged to fall back on now due to the scarcity.

The Seanad adjourned at 8.45 p.m. until 10.30 a.m. on Thursday, 19 November 1998.

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