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Joint Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence díospóireacht -
Tuesday, 23 Apr 2024

Irish Emergency Alliance: Discussion

Today, we are meeting with the Irish Emergency Alliance to discuss the very important work of the organisation. I welcome Ms Liz O'Donnell, the chairperson, who is no stranger to this committee and these rooms. I also welcome Mr. Brian Casey, executive director, and Ms Caoimhe de Barra, another director who is no stranger to our committee. We will first hear an opening statement from Ms O'Donnell, followed by a question-and-answer session with members of the committee. I ask members to be concise in their questions to allow all members the opportunity to participate.

I remind both witnesses and members of the long-standing parliamentary practice that we should not criticise or make charges against any person or entity by name or in such a way as to make them identifiable or otherwise engage in speech that might be regarded as damaging to the good name of that person or entity. Therefore, if any statements are potentially defamatory in relation to an identifiable person or entity, the member or witness will be directed to discontinue his or her remarks. While it is imperative that any such direction be complied with, such direction is not expected or anticipated.

I remind members that they may only participate in the meeting if they are physically located within the Leinster House complex. I remind witnesses we are still operating a post-Covid hybrid system in that members may join from their offices, although I do not see any. If I do, I will remind our witnesses as such, because such members will be entitled to make observations, submissions and ask questions. I also remind witnesses that this is something of a special day. There is a special plenary debate under way on the Stardust tragedy, which has resulted in the committee not having a full complement of members although that may change as the afternoon progresses. I ask Ms O'Donnell to make her opening statement.

Ms Liz O'Donnell

I thank the Chair and members. It is a great privilege to come back to this committee of which I was a member for many years. We appreciate the opportunity to make our presentation. So, who are we? The Irish Emergency Alliance, IEA, is a joint appeals mechanism in which Irish humanitarian organisations consolidate their fundraising efforts for greater long-term efficiency and impact. The purpose of our presentation today is to outline how our joint appeal mechanism works and why it is a structure which should be supported by the Government. I appreciate the political stance the Government has made in recent years and as recently as this morning, by the Tánaiste in Cairo saying how unconscionable and barbarous the attack has been on the Palestinian people in Gaza, as well as his appeal again for a ceasefire, the return of hostages and access to humanitarian assistance to be made available immediately.

We feel that given that our world is experiencing unprecedented crises like this one in Gaza, resulting in 362 million people worldwide requiring humanitarian assistance and protection, the necessity for a new approach is evident. The Irish Emergency Alliance model has been proven to work both in Ireland and internationally. It has the support of the public, we did surveys with the public, and key media partners. In this submission, we respectfully ask that the Joint Committee on Foreign Affairs and Defence writes to the Taoiseach and the Department of Foreign Affairs to support our request for matched funding for IEA humanitarian emergency appeals.

The alliance is a joint appeals mechanism where Irish humanitarian organisations agree to consolidate their fundraising efforts, thereby demonstrating to the public that we can work together to fundraise more effectively and reduce our administrative and fundraising costs. It is essentially a membership organisation, made up of seven leading Irish registered charities working on international humanitarian emergency relief. Our members are ActionAid, Christian Aid, Plan International, Self Help Africa, Tearfund, Trocaire and World Vision. These members have programmes in a total of 93 different countries across the globe collectively giving us a very significant presence and enabling members to respond quickly and effectively when an emergency occurs.

At times of major humanitarian emergencies, alliance members come together to raise money from the Irish public in a co-ordinated and more efficient manner. The overarching aim of the alliance is to continue its growth and development strategy in order to become the trusted "go-to" emergency response entity in Ireland. Having launched four successful appeals thus far since our formation in 2019, raising in excess of €6.3 million, we have proven that the concept works and that there is strong public support for the initiative.

The establishment of this joint appeals mechanism was included in the programme for Government of 2011, and has since been successfully established by the Irish Emergency Alliance. It was formed to fill that gap in the Irish charity fundraising environment, namely, to bring international humanitarian crisis agencies together, with the aim of reducing competition between charities, increasing funds available for disaster response and improving accountability to the public.

Independent public opinion surveys conducted in both 2020 and 2023 found almost two thirds of people thought it was better to support a joint appeal mechanism in a humanitarian crisis rather than give it to one individual agency. Almost two thirds or 65% of adults agreed that the Government should actively support the Irish Emergency Alliance when it launches appeals in response to international emergencies, with those aged 18 to 24, at a rate of 74%, being even more likely to agree. In addition to the cost efficiencies, the alliance also has the advantage of a co-ordinated approach to communications and media engagement, which is beneficial for a public that is bombarded by campaign messaging, resulting in emergency fatigue and reduced donations. It demonstrates to the public that we can and do work together and provides the platform to advocate and communicate as one voice on key humanitarian issues.

The alliance has an agreement with RTÉ, and we met Kevin Bakhurst recently, whereby the national broadcaster has committed to support our joint appeals. We have also received considerable support from other broadcast partners such as Newstalk, Virgin Media and DMG Media, as well as numerous radio stations across the country.

Evidence shows that appeal mechanisms in other countries are highly effective and through pooling of resources, knowledge and effort, a greater number of disaster-affected populations can be assisted. The Irish Emergency Alliance is a member of the Emergency Appeals Alliance, which is an organisation representing 14 joint appeals mechanisms from around the world. Collectively, these 14 alliances raised in excess of €1.2 billion in 2022 in response to the conflict in Ukraine.

The Irish Emergency Alliance is seeking matched-funding support for our joint appeals from the Department of Foreign Affairs. A commitment was made, as I stated earlier, to launch an appeals mechanism in Ireland and was included in the programme for Government of 2011. Evidence from other jurisdictions show that where respective governments support similar joint funding initiatives, it significantly enhances the trust and confidence the public and other key stakeholders have in the national appeal mechanism. This in turn results in a far greater impact, cost efficiencies, higher number of disaster-affected populations being reached and reduced number of advertisements being aired to the public. As in the UK, Germany, Canada, the Netherlands and many other countries, it provides an ideal platform for Ireland to respond collectively and in a co-ordinated manner to major international disasters. It also provides the Government with the opportunity to help direct the Irish public to an approved platform, that is, a one-stop shop for donations that is mutually beneficial for the Government, the broadcasters, the public, corporate partners and, most importantly, to help vulnerable populations in need of support.

In conclusion, I thank the committee for the opportunity to present today. We ask that the joint committee write to the Tánaiste and the Department of Foreign Affairs to recommend that the Department introduce match-funding for IEA appeals. As I said, it was included in the programme for Government of 2011. The Irish Emergency Alliance is based on a model proven in a large number of OECD countries to provide a one-stop shop for the media, corporate partners, the public and international humanitarian organisations.

Bringing reputable, effective and efficient humanitarian organisations together under one umbrella increases engagement from the Irish public, the media and corporate partners, resulting in a greater spread and impact of Government funds.

I thank the Chairman and members. Ms de Barra and Mr. Casey will be happy to take questions, as will I.

I thank Ms O'Donnell. Senator O'Reilly is first.

I thank the Chair. I welcome our three guests. Ms O'Donnell knows her way around these Houses. I am sure that makes it a little easier. I am obviously very strongly in support of what our guests are doing. It is very important work. It is good the broadcast media are working with them on this. I am impressed with the number of organisations involved. Before I say much more I re-emphasise what Ms O'Donnell said about the horror that is Gaza. While we all have revulsion around what happened on 7 October the response to it is a horror and an obscenity in human terms. That cannot be said often enough, nor can we call for a cessation of that violence often enough, as well as safe passage for all humanitarian aid and a ceasefire. I am proud of the Irish stance on it and the position the Tánaiste has taken on it. The Irish people have a particular history and a particular culture. There are certain things in our DNA and the best of that DNA came out on this one.

As I said, I am impressed by the number of organisations involved in the alliance. The biggest issue for the public is to know charities and collectives of charities have a tight administrative structure and a high level of transparency and accountability. The witnesses may wish to comment further on that and the various mechanisms to be used to achieve it. The spirit of generosity of the people is not at issue. There is a willingness to donate. We are a very wealthy, successful country now and we should be willing to do so, and we are in general. However, it is necessary to have that transparency to keep confidence and ensure the organisations can continue. The witnesses might also comment on patterns they have noticed recently. There has been so much recently. As Ms O’Donnell mentioned, there is the Horn of Africa, the Middle East and Ukraine. Is there any degree to which we are suffering fatigue? Are the organisations detecting any evidence of that? It would be so sad if that were so. The memory of the Famine is so much ingrained in our psyche, as are our experiences as an emigrant people and an immigrant people and that affects us. I am interested in the witnesses’ reaction to a few of those points. Other than that, I am completely in support. We as a committee should do as Ms O’Donnell requests and make the plea to the Tánaiste as outlined.

Ms Liz O'Donnell

Ms de Barra might want to respond to the question about charities regulation and the question about fatigue. With so many humanitarian disasters, is there fatigue among the public?

Ms Caoimhe de Barra

Maybe I will start with the second question and then Mr. Casey and I can speak about the governance and accountability. As the Senator says, the public is incredibly generous. In recent years we have seen successive disasters and emergencies, including the Ukraine crisis, but also the earthquakes in Syria and Turkey. These successive crises have shown the public care and want to support. The research we have access to from the UK, but also research from here, shows that when people are given an opportunity to support and donate, especially if it is through a single appeals mechanism, they find it very easy to do that. The more the appeal mechanism is known, the more people are aware of it and trust it - the link to the Government is a key component of trust - and the more people will donate. We have observed over time, both as individual agencies and as members of the IEA, that the public are very willing to donate at times of crisis. We have that empathy and value base still. People need a mechanism that is easy for them to follow through on, which is a single-click mechanism where they do not have to think about which agency to support because they are hearing ads from multiple agencies. When they know this is the agency and this is the route they know they can trust it and support it.

On the accountability side, we are governed under charity legislation. The organisation is registered with the charities regulatory authority. As executive director, Mr. Casey might comment further.

Mr. Brian Casey

I thank the Senator for the question and his support. We are fully compliant with the Charities Regulator. It has 49 standards and we are fully compliant with all those. It is independently audited annually and our accounts are available on our website. We are very transparent with the public about the amount of money it costs to run the alliance. We are quite lean. Our budget is tight because there is not a high appetite for spending on administration within the charity sector. We have very good and strong governance. There is a strong request and demand for that, rightfully so, by the public. We have a very strong board and a number of committees and working groups. We have a very small staff of three people to run our secretariat and the rest of our work is managed by the seven member agencies, so we are quite lean in how we operate. We have a target of reducing our administrative spend of 7% to 6%. As our appeals increase and more people learn about our work we will be reducing our administrative percentage and becoming leaner in future.

Will the witnesses comment a bit more on Gaza? I completely agree with their sentiments. I was away last week and watched a BBC World Service piece on Gaza. I commend it to anyone on one level, but it was a horror to see children literally dead in their parents' arms, horrific injuries and complete chaos and dismantling of buildings. It was revolting. I ask about the scale of it. What sort of governmental effort from around the world, and public effort, will be needed here? The scale of it is gigantic. Maybe the witnesses will elaborate a bit around that. I thank the Chair. I will leave it at that.

Ms Liz O'Donnell

I will do and Ms de Barra can come in here because Trócaire has been on the ground working through Caritas. The scale is quite phenomenal. As the Tánaiste said this morning, it is difficult to comprehend the intensity and barbarity of what is going on. Ireland can be very proud, and I as a former Minister of State am very proud, the Government has been to the fore and so robust in its political stance at European Union and UN levels. The former Taoiseach, Deputy Varadkar, was very strong, without fear or favour, in addressing these issues in a very robust way and speaking to the humanitarian values Ireland has.

As a former Minister of State, I can say we have always had a very strong footprint in areas of emergency humanitarian response and our NGOs are known the world over. That is why it is so important our NGOs work together in an emergency situation like this to get the best possible output from Ireland. We have a soft appeal at the moment. We have criteria before which we can launch an appeal.

There is the difficulty of access to Gaza at the moment, which the Tánaiste mentioned this morning during his trip to Cairo and Jordan. They cannot get the aid in. This is why the world has to completely call for immediate access for humanitarian assistance. There is no shortage of aid; we just cannot get it in. As I said, we have a soft appeal but we will launch a major appeal for the rebuilding of Gaza as soon as access is made available. Access is the huge difficulty at the moment, which is why the Tánaiste was quite right to call for immediate improvement of access this morning. I believe the story this morning was some Irish aid had been stopped at the border. There were tents and things like that for humanitarian assistance. The tarpaulin of the tents had been let in but not the poles. It is ridiculous bureaucracy at the border, stopping and putting obstacles in front of humanitarian assistance going to the most needy people. Ms de Barra would like to comment as she has been there.

Ms Caoimhe de Barra

To elaborate a little more, the situation is beyond anything anybody could imagine. It really is. As well as the bombings, injuries and loss of life we see on our screens every single day, there is also the silent loss of life. There are 50,000 children who are acutely malnourished in Gaza right now. Acute malnutrition means that unless they get medical support, therapeutic feeding and medicinal help, many of those children may well die. Some 1.1 million people are facing famine right now. Between now and the end of May, famine conditions will be prevalent throughout northern Gaza.

The increase in humanitarian access that Israel promised a month ago after the appalling targeting of World Central Kitchen has delivered virtually nothing. I was looking yesterday at the number of trucks that are being allowed over the border and at the pattern, week by week and day by day over the last number of months. There is a marginal increase, by which I mean a fraction below 10% to 15%, in the number of trucks going over the border. It is still a maximum of 40% of what it was before 7 October, when 500 trucks were going over each day. That was at a time when markets were full and supermarkets were stocked but now there is no food in the country.

The emergency alliance stands absolutely ready. We have our contingency plans in place. As soon as we can get access, that is, as soon as there is safe, full and unimpeded humanitarian access, we can ramp up our response. We hope that, should we be in a position to do that - we have RTÉ support already - that the Government would see fit to provide matched funding, which would enable us to start that extremely difficult process of supporting the people of Gaza as they to begin to recover. The reality is it is a mammoth task.

I thank the witnesses for coming in today. I want to be clear on my understanding. The Irish Emergency Alliance is a depository for funds, rather than being actually on the ground. Is that correct?

Ms Liz O'Donnell

It is a funding or appeal mechanism to raise money, which is then distributed among all the member agencies-----

Yes, but the organisation itself is not on the ground though. Is that correct?

Ms Caoimhe de Barra

The member agencies of the emergency alliance work on the ground directly and through our local partners. The benefit of the emergency alliance is that we come together collectively at a time of crisis, to advertise and fundraise collectively. We have the support of RTÉ. We reduce the cost of fundraising. If fundraising as seven or eight individuals-----

I am just trying to understand whether the Irish Emergency Alliance itself is represented on the ground or whether funds are given to the various agencies. The Irish Emergency Alliance is not directly on the ground.

Ms Caoimhe de Barra

I work for Trócaire. My agency and the other six agencies that are members work on the ground with the funds that are raised.

Yes, but the Irish Emergency Alliance does not. I am trying to figure out whether there is duplication of staff on the ground. Obviously there is a huge amount of trust in all the organisations such as Concern, UNICEF and Trócaire. As politicians, people come to us to ask who they should give money to. We find it hard to pick the best one. So many organisations appear before this committee and they have amazing people in them who do so much work. It is hard for us to pick the best one. So from that point of view, this is really welcome. Obviously as the duplication of resources is a practical element, I am happy to support the Irish Emergency Alliance. It is great to have an opportunity today to highlight the lack of access to Gaza. The public will be watching and trying to understand. I cannot understand the lack of trucks getting through. It is really hard to understand when people are starving on one side of a border and food trays and humanitarian assistance are lining up on the other. It is shocking and horrific.

My final question is on the way the Irish Emergency Alliance is modelling itself on the UK's disasters emergency committee. Is that publicly funded by the UK department? Is that what the Irish Emergency Alliance is looking for, to get a similar type of funding levels?

Ms Liz O'Donnell

The disasters emergency committee, DEC, has been in existence in the UK for about 60 years. It raises huge amounts, millions of pounds and is then match-funded by the UK Government. That is the model on which we are basing the Irish Emergency Alliance. It is well-established and has raised billions of euro over the last few decades for various emergency responses, including Ukraine. We would like to be that one-stop shop, which has the support of the media and the Government. The Senator mentioned people who come to her and ask who to support. It would be good to have a one-stop shop which is an agency supported and endorsed by the Government and national broadcaster that people would have confidence in.

How does the Irish Emergency Alliance plan to distribute the funds? Is it based on how many members an organisation has?

Ms Caoimhe de Barra

There is a mechanism. Mr. Casey will speak on it.

Mr. Brian Casey

I thank Senator Ardagh for her support and her questions. We have a defined mechanism. We have three criteria. The first is on how much money each of our seven member agencies has raised from the public over the past five years. Second, is how much money the member agencies spend on humanitarian programming, as opposed to development programming. The third is the number of countries each agency has a physical presence in. These are three very clearly-defined criteria based on audit accounts from the past five years. A lot of the questions we get are on whether there is contention or debate over this. In actual fact there is not, because it is very clear. We have a very clear model or criteria. Everybody agrees to it, there is no debate around it and it is quite straightforward.

I thank Mr. Casey.

Ms Liz O'Donnell

We ran four successful appeals that have been very successful. The last one was on the earthquake in Turkey and Syria, which was the most successful in terms of fundraising.

I thank the witnesses for their attendance and for their work and presentation. I wholeheartedly agree with my colleagues on what is happening in Gaza and Ukraine. I do not want to repeat that but what is happening is absolutely appalling. I have just come from the Dáil, where we heard harrowing accounts of what happened in the Stardust nightclub all those decades ago. It struck me that today, young people are being slaughtered all over the world in huge numbers and I thought of what their families are going through and will go through in future.

Before we get into the financial aspects, I want to ask about the forgotten disaster in Sudan. It is said that 25 million people need help there now and there are 18 million people facing famine. It is appalling what is going on there between the civil war and the supply of arms and munitions from outside is allowing it to continue. As they are present, I seek the witnesses' views on that and whether their organisations have any involvement there.

It is also extraordinarily dangerous and difficult there at the moment as I understand it and it is spilling into neighbouring countries. There is very little coverage of it anywhere, yet it is monumentally massive. The amount of people suffering and dying and the atrocities that are occurring there are on a different level and scale. I would like to give the witnesses the opportunity to comment on that because it is not being spoken about in our media very much compared to other places, which are equally bad, but with this situation we just hear about it here and there. It is off the scale.

Ms Liz O'Donnell

The war and conflict in Sudan in unconscionable. It is out of sight and out of mind, it has been a forgotten emergency. Has Trócaire been involved in southern Sudan?

Ms Caoimhe de Barra

Yes, almost all of the member agencies of the Irish Emergency Alliance are involved in Sudan. This conflict erupted a year ago; some say that it was not something that was foreseen, in actual fact the politics of it are extremely complex but there probably was not enough international support for mediation between the two parties that are now in conflict. Those who are suffering are the people of Sudan. As Deputy Stanton rightly said, almost 18 million are facing famine and huge numbers are displaced, both internally and into countries across the border, countries that are equally fragile. It is of huge humanitarian concern. One of the issues is that when you have emergencies that are not visible to the public, it is very difficult for agencies like ourselves to respond. In fact one of our criteria as an emergency alliance is that there does need to be a certain threshold of media and public interest for us to mount an appeal. RTE and other media channels will support us. We need many diverse voices calling attention to different crises so that they reach the required threshold of media and public information for us to go out and campaign and run a successful appeal for those countries. It is a huge concern.

That may be something we can do here with regard to Sudan and other places. Ms de Barra mentioned that the alliance's organisations were involved in 20 disasters internationally last year. It is certainly right that there is more than one at any time. Many of the organisations have their own fundraising abilities and mechanisms. Does Ms de Barra see the alliance taking over from those in time, is that where things are going? Trócaire raised, correct me if I am wrong, €93 million last year and Action Aid €3 million plus and so on. The total income of the alliance was approximately €1.4 million? Can Ms de Barra give the committee some figures?

Ms Caoimhe de Barra

I can give the broad brush and the figures. This is a very collaborative, collective effort. It exists solely to fundraise jointly, reduce costs and make fundraising more efficient during an emergency period. We would have an appeal open for two or maybe three weeks, solely for that emergency. Often this will entail a sudden onset emergency like the earthquakes last year, or the awfully complex Gaza emergency. Before that appeal period and after, each agency will continue to do its own normal fundraising, private fundraising to its own supporters but also, if it so wishes, public fundraising. The two things dovetail together, our colleagues and staff in the fundraising departments across all of the agencies come together to jointly run a collective appeal on this one single area where we all pool our efforts. Then we go back and we do our individual work based on the priorities of each organisation. It is a really effective model as we have seen in 14 other countries, because it saves money and time. It also expands the pool of donors in the country and over time expands the volume of money given to humanitarian appeals and the number of people who are willing to pay into them.

Mr. Brian Casey

I thank Deputy Stanton for his question. As Ms O'Donnell set out, we have six criteria that we look at. Once we reach this criteria that the public are going to support us and we have the broadcasters behind us, we have access and a physical presence on the ground, then we have evidence to suggest that if we launch an appeal we will be able to raise more money and have an impact on those who need our assistance urgently. Once that criteria has been met we immediately pool our fundraising supports, the fundraising and communications teams of each of our member agencies. In effect, we become one. We run one big, national appeal. What we are aiming for is Ireland responding together. With your support we can have match funding from the Government. We have the media behind us and corporate partners also supporting us. We have growing numbers of members of the public behind us. Effectively, over this two or three week period, as Ms de Barra set out, it is the go-to appeal for the Irish people. We are seeing that this is the way to launch. We have quite a lot of research behind this. The Emergency Appeals Alliance, a global body of other mechanisms like ourselves, have done research to show that in fact this is a more trusted and confident way of fundraising collectively for each of those countries experiencing emergencies.

It is a short, sharp focus on a specific emergency that you have identified for which you come together. It was stated that a number of very large organisations are not part of the alliance. Could one of the witnesses comment on why that is the case?

Ms Liz O'Donnell

We are hoping that those four agencies will ultimately join us; at the moment they are considering it and they are very supportive of the concept. Concern, Oxfam, The Red Cross and GOAL are all members of The Deck in the UK. They approve of the concept and they are considering joining our alliance and we hope they will. If the Government were to agree match funding, that would change their minds and they would be much more supportive of joining the alliance. Initially there are some expenses for the agency in joining, but in the round and the long term it is really worth it and everybody raises more funds. As Mr. Casey said, this is a national appeal. Everybody is working together, with the support of the Irish Government which strengthens the reputation and the solidarity of the Irish people behind the appeal. That would be represented on the "Six O'Clock News", there would be a public service announcement and all the rest of it which would shore up public support and give confidence to the Irish people that this is our national appeal and to support a particular emergency. We do not imagine we will have more than maybe two a year, we have only had four since we have been established, the Turkey appeal, the Ukraine appeal, the Horn of Africa appeal and the Coronavirus appeal. Gaza is a typical example. The Irish people are brokenhearted about what is happening in Gaza, from children to young adults, we are all broken-hearted watching and feeling like we cannot actually help. People feel helpless and frustrated. Gaza will be a long-term emergency, it is going to have to be rebuilt. That is where the Irish people can throw all their love and devotion and commitment to this terrible humanitarian disaster.

It has to be remembered that we have been long-term supporters of Palestine. I met Yasser Arafat myself when I was a Minister. We have funded schools and UNRWA and I agree with what the Tánaiste said this morning, that people have to restore the funding for UNRWA. The fact that so many countries abandoned UNRWA because of the obviously legitimate concerns of complicity in the Hamas attack is concerning. To stop funding the humanitarian assistance by UNRWA is unconscionable and the Tánaiste was quite correct to call for other countries to restore funding; we never stopped it, quite rightly. Gaza is a classic example of once we have access through the Irish Emergency Alliance, the Irish Government will be able to pour support into it.

I fully agree with everything that has been said in terms of Gaza and indeed, Sudan, as mentioned by Deputy Stanton as well as other areas of the world that are experiencing in many respects unprecedented horror and humanitarian need.

She comes here as CEO of Trócaire, as a member of Caritas Internationalis and as part of a Dóchas organisation or submission. I am wondering about the different hats, or is it the same hat with a different colour or emphasis? For example, I am not sure of the Irish Emergency Alliance's relationship with Dóchas, which I believe is doing some of the umbrella work the Irish Emergency Alliance seems to suggest has resulted in a gap in the system. I understand the need for emergency response and the need for it to have a media angle. The witnesses said they met RTÉ and Newstalk. What is the Irish Emergency Alliance doing that the State is not adequately doing? Where is the gap in the system that the Irish Emergency Alliance believes it can meet? Is it that the world has changed? Are the current structures too cumbersome? Is it that the response is not sufficiently communicated to people in the emergency manner the Irish Emergency Alliance would wish?

The speakers have pointed to the great work done by Irish Aid, for example. Irish Aid is channelled through international agencies such as the UN, UNICEF, UNRWA and many other UN bodies. If it is not through that, then it is through many of the European Union offshoots or organisations. There are also the big international bodies such as the International Red Cross. I am wondering where the alliance actually fits in the structure. We said at the outset that reference to the alliance was made in the 2011 programme for Government, which is a long time ago. In fact, most of us were here at that time to see the implementation of that programme for Government, but what happened? Why did it not happen? Why was it not in the 2016 or 2020 programmes for Government? What has happened since to progress matters in the manner the Irish Emergency Alliance would like? It is noted that some Irish-based charities are not yet involved in the organisation. Is that likely to happen? Has the Government indicated it will not act until that happens? I do not understand how a one-stop shop can be established if everybody is not buying into that one shop. We deal with many of the NGOs annually through Irish Aid and Dóchas. My point relates to how a streamlined the Irish Emergency Alliance can meet the emergency need in a way that the other organisations as currently structured are unable to achieve.

Ms Liz O'Donnell

We recently met with the Minister of State, Deputy Fleming. The Department is fully aware of how we have operationalised the concept of the Irish Emergency Alliance. Ms de Barra was there at the time when it was first mooted by the Government.

Ms Caoimhe de Barra

I thank the Chair for the very reasonable and valid question. The committee does see different iterations of the international development and humanitarian sector coming before it. First, Dóchas is the overall umbrella body for development and humanitarian organisations in Ireland. Dóchas has a membership of approximately 55 organisations, ranging from very small organisations which do small project-based and long-term development work to the larger organisations which do development and humanitarian work. It broadly represents the sector with its different stakeholders, the Government in particular. Dóchas would often appear here in advance of the budget, for example, to set out its pre-budget position. Typically, Dóchas represents the broad sector.

The Irish Emergency Alliance has a very narrow, specific mandate. The mandate is to increase the amount of funds raised for emergencies and to enable faster, more efficient and more impactful response by coming together as a set of humanitarian agencies. Humanitarian agencies are a subset of the broader Dóchas grouping, which is very wide and was not set up to do something as specific as fundraising for emergencies. The holy trinity in other countries is the humanitarian NGOs, the government and the public. The Irish Emergency Alliance, with the support of the Government and the media in particular, enables the public to make an informed and quick decision as to who to donate to at the time of a massive emergency. It has been proven in many contexts, particularly in the UK, Canada, and Australia, that having a mechanism like this makes members of the public feel more confident in making a donation because they have less to process in doing it. Having the backing of the Government increases that confidence yet again.

What we have also seen is that younger generations are much more inclined to donate to a joint appeal than to any individual agency. We are looking down the road. We are looking at the future. Our society is changing. In the years in which I grew up, people essentially had loyalty to one organisation, which they may have encountered first as a schoolchild. They grew up with that organisation and were brand loyal. This is no longer the case for the younger generation in Ireland but also internationally. We have evidence of that. We want to make sure members of the public remain committed to humanitarian action as they age. This has been proven in other countries as a way to continue to have younger people, but also everybody else who is interested in humanitarian support, continue to donate. As I stated earlier, it has also been proven to expand the volume of money people will donate. The very existence of an alliance people can trust to do a job quickly, with the support of Government and the major national broadcaster, increases the funding available. That is what we are trying to get to.

As Ms O'Donnell mentioned, starting one of these initiatives does not come without a cost. In my organisation, I had to allocate people time and funding. We have a website, a technical team, processes and governance. There is a cost to being a member of an alliance. All of the members of the alliance understand that and we are absorbing it for the moment. Organisations need to make an informed decision, however, and typically the board would be involved. We are all working with extremely tight margins. We are all SORP-compliant agencies which means we are trying to keep our administration down to the minimum. Each agency has to make decisions between allocating its scarce resources to this now or waiting. All of the agencies here, the Red Cross, Concern, Goal and Oxfam all believe in the concept. As Ms O'Donnell has said, as most of them are in the deck in the UK, there is no issue with the concept. It is about resource and resource availability. If the Government were to provide matched funding, that would make the problem a lot easier to address for all members. In fact, it would be a game-changer, as Ms O'Donnell stated.

I thank Ms de Barra. That has been very helpful. I call Senator Ardagh.

To go back to a previous point, if a small charity wishes to join, does the Irish Emergency Alliance require a certain revenue stream or certain standards? Do smaller charities not get to join the club?

Ms Caoimhe de Barra

Not necessarily. The first six members that established are not the biggest NGOs in the Irish development sector. Trócaire joined two years after it was established. Those organisations just decided it was time for it be established. The reality is Ireland is late to the game in having one of these mechanisms. Some of the members are not very large but they are incredibly important as part of the alliance.

I apologise for being late. It was our speaking time in the Dáil and I could not drag myself away. I read the Irish Emergency Alliance's opening statement last night. We do, indeed, live in critical times. There is a war in Europe and the ongoing genocide in Gaza with EU and American weapons, as well as the appalling situation in Sudan and all that. I like the idea of an alliance in principle. I like the co-operation and solidarity it implies.

I am sorry if my question has been asked. I can see reference to the groups that are already aligned to the alliance but I do not see GOAL, Concern or MSF. Is it that they just want to stay on their own for the moment? Is there still an opening for them?

Ms Liz O'Donnell

We have had extensive discussions with those groups and most of them are involved with the DEC in the UK, which is a similar national funding mechanism. We are hopeful they will join us, but our ask is for the Department of Foreign Affairs and the Minister to consider match-funding for our endeavours. That would be a game changer and they would be inclined to join us at that point. They are waiting to see whether the Government supports the concept of the alliance, but they already support the concept and are very positive in their discussions with us.

Is it because they are based in other countries as well? I refer to MSF, for example.

Ms Liz O'Donnell

We have not approached MSF. It is only GOAL, Trócaire, Concern and the Red Cross that we are hoping will join us.

I welcome Ms O'Donnell and her colleagues Ms de Barra and Mr. Casey to the committee. In her final few words, Ms O'Donnell said she recommends the Department introduce match-funding for the IEA. At what stage is that process between her organisation and the Department?

Ms Liz O'Donnell

We have had meetings with several Ministers of State in recent years but the most recent one was with the Minister of State, Deputy Fleming, and the head of Irish Aid. He is open to the suggestion and Ms de Barra and Mr. Casey have been discussing it with the humanitarian group at the Department. We are hopeful that, having heard our presentation today, they will want to move this on to the next stage. The Minister of State is aware of the DEC in the UK and the supports we have had. We have run four successful appeals and I think we have proven that the concept is fit for purpose, and we hope the Minister of State will look favourably on our request for match-funding in order that the alliance can really be a strategic partnership with the Government to respond quickly and efficiently to emerging disasters, including humanitarian disasters such as the rebuilding of Gaza.

I thank Ms O'Donnell, Mr. Casey and Ms de Barra for attending. It goes without saying we in the committee very much acknowledge the good work their organisations continue to do in perhaps the most challenging parts of our world in circumstances that are becoming more difficult and more problematic by the day. We note their submission and acknowledge what they said about the demonstration of what makes bodies such as the alliance more effective. We also note their meetings with the Department of Foreign Affairs.

We will meet the Tánaiste shortly and we will obviously meet officials from the Department in the context of the forthcoming budget and so on. We will be very keen to give favourable consideration to the points our guests have raised, with specific reference to a recommendation the Department introduce match-funding, to ensure the alliance's appeals are given appropriate strength. I was very struck by what Ms de Barra said about having an overall, clearly understood campaign involving the alliance, the public and the Government. If there is a clearer or more effective role the Government can play, we will be keen to assist in ensuring that will happen. We will meet in private to put together a report for the Government arising from this meeting, and we will be very happy to keep the alliance informed of our developments.

I thank our guests for attending and acknowledge the important work of the alliance.

Ms Liz O'Donnell

I thank the Chair. We very much appreciate the committee's attention.

The joint committee went into private session at 4.15 p.m. and adjourned at 4.57 p.m. until 3.15 p.m. on Tuesday, 14 May 2024.
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