Olwyn Enright
Ceist:40 Ms Enright asked the Minister for Education and Science her views on the recent ruling of the Equality Tribunal on leaving certificate transcripts; and if she will make a statement on the matter. [40510/06]
Amharc ar fhreagraTuesday, 28 November 2006
Ceisteanna (9)
Freagraí ó Béal (5 píosaí cainte)
As the Deputy will be aware, this Government has shown an unrivalled commitment to ensuring that children and young people with special needs get the extra support they need to reach their full potential at school. We have dramatically expanded investment in special education in recent years and improved access to State examinations for young people with special needs. A range of accommodations is provided to enable students with disabilities to access the certificate examinations. For example, enlarged print, Braille, translation, modified questions and use of a scribe, reader, personal assistant, tape recorder or word processor may be allowed depending on needs.
The scheme was expanded in 2000 following the report of an expert advisory group to provide opportunities for exemptions where a candidate was not in a position to demonstrate achievement in a core area of assessment. In keeping with the advice of the expert advisory group, a system of annotation was applied to any case where a student was exempt from a core area of assessment or where the mode of assessment used had the same effect. This change, for example, enabled a hearing impaired student to be exempt for the first time from the aural component of language subjects. His or her marks on the balance of the examination would be grossed up proportionately towards 100% and the certificate would include a note to the effect that all elements of the subject were assessed except the aural component. Spelling and grammar waivers in language subjects were provided to cater for students with dyslexia on a similar basis, with annotation of the certificates. The aim of these changes was to facilitate the operation of a responsive and flexible system which enables all candidates to demonstrate their achievements, while preserving the integrity and fairness of the exams by ensuring that special arrangements are operated in a transparent manner.
The introduction of the expanded scheme was seen as important in widening access and promoting the optimum participation for students with disabilities. Since then the number of students availing of accommodations in the certificate examinations has increased dramatically. In 2002, 4,438 accommodations were granted, including 39 component exemptions and 1,945 spelling and grammar waivers. By 2006, this number had increased to 12,136 accommodations, including 987 component exemptions, and 5,450 spelling and grammar waivers.
An annotation only applies where a core element of assessment in a particular subject is not assessed. This is used to ensure fairness and integrity vis-à-vis other students who have been assessed in these components and in order not to mislead the end user of the certificate.
In relation to the Equality Tribunal's findings the legal position is that they must either be implemented in full or appealed within the specified timeframe under the Equal Status Act 2002. My Department has examined the findings and is concerned that the widening of access through the use of exemptions, coupled with annotations, has not been fully understood in this case and that the fundamental nature of the accommodations being provided has been questioned. It has, therefore, been decided to appeal the findings.
I have also asked the State Examinations Commission to re-examine policy and practice in this area because I am determined to ensure our system continues to evolve in line with best practice, promoting high standards of quality and integrity, while ensuring access, participation and benefit for all our students.
The provision of accommodations to students with disabilities is welcome. In what sense does including on the leaving certificate a statement that an accommodation has been granted ensure integrity and fairness? The Equality Tribunal explicitly stated that the students in question had been disadvantaged by the Department. This is a serious finding given that the Department's function is to ensure equality for all students sitting the leaving or junior certificate.
The Dyslexia Association of Ireland stated that while the accommodations remove the disadvantage faced by the students in question, the inclusion of endorsements on certificates places them at a further disadvantage. I ask the Minister to comment.
While I welcome the Minister's decision to examine certain aspects of the findings, as recommended by the Equality Tribunal, I am concerned by the decision to appeal the tribunal's ruling. How will this ensure integrity and fairness? Ensuring integrity and fairness means equalising the exam for all students so they can all sit it in a fair way and receive the same certificates.
The figures on the types of accommodation and the numbers availing of them speak for themselves; they show how flexible and responsive the system is for young people with special needs. The leaving certificate, however, is simply a statement of grades attained and subjects examined for all students. A simple annotation at the end of the certificate happens to highlight for individual students where a core component was not examined and the marks were aggregated upwards. The fairness and integrity are ensured by giving the students the accommodation they need and recognising their needs. It is also an objective statement on exactly what was examined. It is up to the end user of the certificate to decide if he wants to use it or why. It is simply a factual statement of what was examined in the leaving certificate or junior certificate examinations for a particular year.
Naturally we are anxious to accommodate as many students as possible but the ruling has called into question the whole issue of accommodations. We have seen other countries draw back from the types of accommodation offered instead of adding annotations. I do not want to see that happen. We must strike a balance where we do not disadvantage students with special needs in State examinations while ensuring the certificate and the examinations are transparent.
It is not up to the student to decide he wants to use it if an employer asks for it before an interview. If the finding of the tribunal is upheld, will certificates be adjusted retrospectively? Students will be treated differently in job interviews if they have this on their certificate.
Approximately 26,000 certificates have been issued with annotations so it would be highly unlikely the ruling would be backdated, although that would be subject to an appeal. Along with looking at the appeal, because I believe it did not take into consideration the range of accommodations and will have far-reaching consequences, I am also asking the State Examinations Commission to look at best practice internationally and ensure we are in line with that. Our bona fides are proven by the range of accommodations and the growing numbers availing of them.