I propose to take Questions Nos. 246 and 247 together.
Each application for a visa for the purpose of study is considered on its individual merits based on documentation and evidence provided by the applicant. It is always the case that the onus rests with the applicant to satisfy the Visa Officer as to why a visa should be granted. In order to assist visa applicants, a list of requirements, including details of the documents to be submitted, is available on the website of the Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service (www.inis.ie). However, as is indicated clearly on the website, these requirements are intended to act as a guideline only and do not limit the discretion of the Visa Officer in determining individual applications. Bearing this in mind, guidelines may also be tailored to different forms of visa application. I am satisfied that these guidelines, and the carrying out of functions by the Visa Section of INIS, are in line with international standards and best practice.
At the discretion of the Visa Officer, applications for visas for reasons of study may be refused, on the basis that the need to undertake the course in this State is neither demonstrated or warranted, in a variety of circumstances including:
an applicant has not outlined and/or satisfied the visa officer as regards the reasons for undertaking the particular course of study identified in the visa application. An example of this is where there is no clear link in the applicant's employment or education history to a particular course — be it a change of career, work related or progressing/advancing to the next stage of study e.g. diploma, degree or masters level.
an applicant has already obtained a higher level of qualification in a particular area than that available from the course of study for which he or she has applied.
the course in question is readily available in the home country of the applicant and there is no reason for the applicant to travel to Ireland for the purpose.
an applicant from a country where English is commonly spoken seeks to study English in Ireland rather than in their home country.
On the issue of submission of original documents, rather than copies or the supply of details, this facilitates the efficient consideration of an application as authentication is easier. It is, therefore, in the interests of applicants to retain for submission original documents where relevant.