Ireland has been progressively introducing a Graduated Driver Licensing System (GDLS) for some time. GDLS is a stepped approach to the driver learning process which focuses on acquisition of skills and experience rather than solely on passing a driving test. There is no one internationally accepted model of GDLS. Instead, it consists of a number of components which can be selected according to which are most appropriate to the context of an individual country. The Road Safety Authority published in September 2010 a list of nine components for a GDLS for Ireland. This followed wide-ranging study and consultation. The nine measures are being introduced on a phased basis. Three of the nine measures were introduced before the present year, including for example compulsory lessons for learner drivers. The recently passed Road Traffic Act 2014 includes three more - a minimum of logged driving experience before learners can take the test; a new category of novice driver, covering the first two years of full licence; and a lower disqualification level of seven penalty points for learners and novices. The new provisions regarding novices will be commenced from 1 August 2014. The legislation will not apply retrospectively. The new provisions will therefore apply only to people who qualify after the date of commencement.