As part of the research into establishing a licensing authority, desk research on construction practices across a number of European and other international countries was undertaken. Below, for your perusal, is a list of the European analysis reviewed, together with supplementary information on the award and/or licensing type.
Additional research was undertaken across international countries/states, which included Australia, California, Florida and New Zealand.
Those that do not have a complete licensing model have conditions to their certificates. For example, in the UK all certificates are validated by a construction skills card that has conditions attached and which conditions must be met in order to be renewed.
In summary, Europe and several other states and countries are moving towards a licensing model.
Country
|
Skills
|
Certificate
|
Licence
|
|
Excavators
|
|
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes - 4 year duration
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Austria
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes - 4 year duration
|
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes - 5 year duration
|
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes - 5 year duration
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Belgium
|
Telehandlers
|
|
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes
|
|
|
Cranes
|
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Bulgaria
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes
|
Yes-with renewal
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes
|
|
|
Cranes
|
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Croatia
|
Telehandlers
|
|
|
|
Excavators
|
|
|
|
Cranes
|
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Czech Republic
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes
|
|
|
Excavators
|
|
|
|
Cranes
|
|
Yes- Part of ECOL
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Denmark
|
Telehandlers
|
|
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes - 2 year duration
|
|
|
Cranes
|
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Estonia
|
Telehandlers
|
|
|
|
Excavators
|
|
Permit to work
|
|
Cranes
|
|
Permit to work
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Finland
|
Telehandlers
|
|
Yes 5 Year
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes
|
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes
|
2 year national diploma
|
|
Dumpers
|
Yes
|
|
France
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes
|
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes
|
Yes - Part of ECOL
|
|
Dumpers
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Germany
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
Excavators
|
|
Yes
|
|
Cranes
|
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
Yes
|
Greece
|
Telehandlers
|
|
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes
|
|
|
Cranes
|
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
Yes
|
Hungary
|
Telehandlers
|
|
Yes
|
|
Excavators
|
|
Yes
|
|
Cranes
|
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Iceland
|
Telehandlers
|
|
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes
|
|
|
Cranes
|
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Italy
|
Telehandlers
|
|
|
|
Excavators
|
|
Yes
|
|
Cranes
|
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
Yes
|
Latvia
|
Telehandlers
|
|
Yes
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes
|
|
|
Cranes
|
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Lithuania
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes
|
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes - 5 year duration
|
|
|
Cranes
|
|
Yes- Part of ECOL
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Netherlands
|
Telehandlers
|
|
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes
|
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
Yes
|
|
Norway
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes
|
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes
|
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes
|
Yes - with renewal
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Poland
|
Telehandlers
|
|
|
|
Excavators
|
|
|
|
Cranes
|
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Portugal
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes
|
|
|
Excavators
|
|
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Romania
|
Telehandlers
|
|
|
|
Excavators
|
|
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Slovakia
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes
|
|
|
Excavators
|
|
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes
|
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Slovenia
|
Telehandlers
|
|
|
|
Excavators
|
|
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes
|
Yes - with renewal
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Spain
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes
|
|
|
Excavators
|
|
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
Dumpers
|
|
|
Sweden
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
Dumpers
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
Switzerland
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes
|
Yes
|
|
Excavators
|
Yes
|
Yes - Card with requirements for renewal
|
|
Cranes
|
Yes
|
Yes - Card with requirements for renewal
|
|
Dumpers
|
Yes
|
Yes - Card with requirements for renewal
|
UK
|
Telehandlers
|
Yes
|
Yes - Card with requirements for renewal
|