I propose to take Questions Nos. 16 and 30 together.
The EU beef regime has traditionally focused its support, through the intervention system, on male cattle. Accordingly, when the regime was reformed in 1992 to switch the emphasis away from market support through intervention purchasing towards income support through the premium arrangements, beef producers were compensated for the restrictions introduced on intervention by way of a significant improvement in the existing premium payments and the introduction of new premia, such as the extensification and deseasonalisation slaughter premiums.